Aim. To determine the patterns of inheritance and variability of nutmeg aroma in seedlings of hybrid combinations with different genetic bases. Results and Discussions. Selection of parents and segregation of hybrids were analyzed by expression levels and peculiarities of palatability-aroma complex of seedlings. Breeding analysis of seven hybrid grape combinations obtained from one or from both parents with muscadine flavor was conducted. The expression level and characteristics of muscadine flavor depended on the selection of parents. Several donors of the " muscadine flavor" trait have been identified. It was proven that this trait of breeding interest was inherited from old varieties by a greater portion of seedlings in a combination than from complex interspecies hybrids of the new generation. A number of promising seedlings are presented; they were selected by a set of traits of breeding interest: resistance to pathogens, yield, large fruits, and product quality. Conclusions. Thus, the trait "muskat flavor" has a significant heritability in offspring, polygenic nature of inheritance and manifestation. Varieties – donors of muscadine flavor are Kardyshakh Tairovskyi, Marselskyi Chornyi Rannii, and Muskat Odeskyi. In order to obtain a muscadine-lemon aroma, we recommend using Varieties Hechei Zamatosh, Opalovyi and Muskat Odeskyi. Greater segregation of the aroma complex was observed in combinations not only from muscadine varieties, but also from varieties with varietal aromas, especially of the technical use, such as Zahrei, Riton, and Opalovyi.

The object of current research is the varietal composition of industrial vineyards in Ukraine. One of the most problematic aspects is the assortment of table grapes, which is represented by a limited number of varieties, especially in industrial viticulture. That is why the local market is saturated with imported table grapes. Viticulturists have been creating Ukrainian grape varieties since the middle of the last century. 150 promising varieties and hybrid forms were bred. They combine high productivity and product quality with high rates of adaptability to the «risky» growing conditions of the Northern Black Sea coast. Many years of research confirmed a high level of pathogen, drought and frost resistance, winter hardiness, as well as a high level of quality traits. The inclusion of modern Ukrainian varieties in the regional assortments, especially with the usage of intensive cultivation, will ensure the development of sustainable viticulture. Due to genetically determined pathogen resistance, a significant reduction in pesticide load is possible, which in the future will ensure the transition to adaptive, and later to organic viticulture. The results of the analysis of the composition and structure of the assortment of grapes in Ukraine are obtained and the new varieties with a high level and stability of productivity and product quality for improving the assortment are suggested. This provides the opportunity to increase profitability by 250–350 % for table varieties, due to high productivity, reducing pesticide load, and increasing the price of product due to the visual appearance and high taste properties. Common varieties require 9–12 pesticide treatments, the usage of additional stimulants such as gibberellins, and other elements of production intensification to obtain the marketable product. New wine varieties also show significant economic potential, as they have higher winter hardiness, pathogen resistance, and exclusive wine characteristics.

Replenishment of the assortment of seedless varieties of Ukrainian selection is one of the tasks of breeders of NSC «IViV them. V.Ye. Tairov ». Climate change has exacerbated and increased the duration of droughts in spring and summer. That is why it is necessary to use in crosses the parent seedless component with a known level of drought resistance. According to the results of the research, the level of drought resistance of the group of seedless varieties of the ampelographic collection of the NSC «IViV im.V.Ye. Tairov «of different genetic and geographical origin was determined . Both intraspecific hybrids of Vitis vinifera and interspecific hybrids, which in their estimated genetic formula contain 3-4 species of Vitis, were studied. The study was based on determining the level of manifestation of the physiological mechanism of protection against temperature stress - the water-holding capacity of leaf tissues. Studying the content of different fractions of water (easily retained and bound) and changes in their ratio during the growing season made it possible to identify stress-tolerant varieties. The study was conducted in years with a high level of exposure to temperature stress, which increases the objectivity of the data. The obtained results confirmed the sensitivity to the lack of moisture supply of interspecific hybrids derived from varieties created with the participation of non-drought-resistant species Vitis amurensis. The research was aimed at identifying donor varieties with the sign of «drought resistance», namely varieties with high water holding capacity. Due to the impact of lack of moisture on the grape plant, samples were taken in critical phases - the phase of intensive growth of shoots, the phase of formation and growth of berries and the phase of completion of the growing season. A rather high level of drought resistance of intraspecific hybrids has been determined, which is explained by their origin from Central Asian varieties. However, the main feature of the breeding interest that they can pass on to offspring is seedlessness and product quality. In comparison with the control values, the varieties Attika and Flame seedless stood out. These varieties are recommended for use in the further selection process as sources and donors of a set of signs of selection interest, including the ability to withstand thermal stress and lack of moisture.