Performance of universal adhesives was shown to be material-dependent. The results indicate that this new category of universal adhesives used on dentine as either etch-and-rinse or self-etch strategies were inferior as regards at least one of the properties evaluated (μTBS, NL and DC) in comparison with the control adhesives (CSE for self-etch and SB for etch-and-rinse).

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A large percentage of patients performed inhalations incorrectly. We cannot conclude that any given device is superior. The variables related with correct IT were age and level of education. Greater health education efforts are needed to teach patients how to use inhalation systems correctly.

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