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SUMMARYThe chemically defined medium with sodium acetate as sole carbon source (sodium acetate agar) devised by Trabulsi & Ewing (1962) was used to examine 414 strains of Shigella and 446 strains of Escherichia. None of the 414 Shigella cultures (belonging to the subgroups, A, B, C, D) utilized acetate and did not develop on sodium acetate agar, whereas about 95% of 283 anaerogenic and non-motile and all 163 aerogenic Escherichia isolates studied, utilized sodium acetate and grew on sodium acetate agar. It is concluded that the utilization of acetate on sodium acetate agar has a definite value for the differentiation of strains of the genera Shigella and Escherichia.