Malformations of the skull bones occur in impaired development of the embryo or fetus in the antenatal period. They are discovered at birth or in early childhood, and more often at child’s examination. Malformations of the skull bones described in the article were in the form of parietal foramina and were diagnosed accidentally without any child’s active complaints. However, at the CT scan of child’s father, a similar defect was found in his skull parietal bones. So, it can be stated that such a defect has a genetic predisposition.

No abstract

The prevalence and incidence of prostate cancer is gradually increasing both in our country and in countries near and far abroad. The difficulties in the differential diagnosis of prostate cancer are convincingly evidenced by the fact that the level of diagnostic errors reaches 40%. It should be noted that in assessing the differential diagnostic capabilities of the indicators of the clinical and special examination methods for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms, disagreements were found in 46–77% of the analyzed clinical signs, the changes of which mainly reflect the negative nature of the effect of tumor decay products on the patient’s body. The aim of the study was to improve the early diagnosis of prostate cancer by using the mathematical method of differential diagnosis of prostate pathology, as well as the rationale for the proposed method for early diagnosis of prostate cancer in patients with clinical symptoms. Using our proposed method for early diagnosis of prostate cancer makes the diagnosis not only reliable and accurate, but also independent of the level of qualification of the urologist and his personal experience, allows you to unify, optimize and personify the differential diagnosis of prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer.