ель. Улучшение результатов лучевой диагностики постнекротических кист поджелудочной железы. Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 129 пациентов с диагнозом: «Киста поджелудочной железы» (34%-женщин, 65%-мужчин). Всем была выполнена МСКТ брюшной полости с контрастным усилением. 26 пациентам проведена чрескожная цистография, 29-эндоскопическая цистография, 14-эндоскопическая ретроградная панкреатография (контрастный препарат «Тразограф»). В ходе исследования проводилась дифференциальная диагностика кистозных образований поджелудочной железы, определялись зрелость стенки псевдокисты, инфицированность содержимого и наличие разгерметизации вирсунгова протока. Результаты и обсуждение. По результатам МСКТ кистозные опухоли поджелудочной железы выявлены у 17% пациентов (данная группа в исследование не включалась), у 19% диагностирована несформированная постнекротическая киста, у 81% стенка псевдокисты была сформирована; 25% кист-инфицированы, 75%-стерильны. По результатам чрескожной цистографии, эндоскопической цистографии, эндоскопической панкреатографии разгерметизация главного панкреатического протока выявлена у 27%, 31% и 43% соответственно. Выводы. Чувствительность лучевых методов исследования в диагностике постнекротических кист поджелудочной железы (ПКПЖ) высока и находится в пределах 95-100%. Ключевые слова: киста поджелудочной железы, острый панкреатит, панкреонекроз, постнекротическая киста, псевдокиста.
The problem of choosing the method of surgical treatment of postnecrotic pancreatic cysts remains extremely urgent these days. With the development of technology, recently there has been a clear trend towards improving diagnostic capabilities and the emergence of an increasing number of minimally invasive methods of treatment, while traditional methods of surgical treatment do not lose their relevance, but recent studies optimize the indications for their implementation, which in turn reduces the frequency of the nearest and distant postoperative complications. In the article the questions concerning conservative therapy of postnecrotic cysts, indications and choice of a method of surgical treatment are considered. The methods of minimally invasive surgery are widely covered, the application of which allows achieving excellent clinical results of treatment. Particular attention is paid to the recent tendency of using several methods of minimally invasive treatment, the combination of minimally invasive internal and external drainage has shown its effectiveness, it should be noted that a good clinical result can be achieved by performing intervention data from the position of pathogenetic treatment. There are only a few data on the success of combined drainage of postnecrotic cysts, which requires confirmation by a large number of publications. Thus, the high incidence of acute pancreatitis, the lack of a diagnostic algorithm and clear indications for a wide range of existing methods of surgical treatment of postnecrotic pancreatic cysts leaves a field for subsequent studies and observations.
The problem of diagnosing postnecrotic cysts of the pancreas is considered in this article. The characteristics of laboratory (determination of the level of amylase, cytological research of punctate, determination of tumor markers) and radiation (ultrasound, endosonography, RCP, MSCT, etc.) methods of research of this pathology are presented, their specificity in the differential diagnosis of cystic formations, depressurization of the main pancreatic duct and formation of the cyst wall is considered. We concluded that the use of radiation methods of research significantly improves the diagnosis of pseudocyst of the pancreas and allows to choose a rational treatment tactics and an adequate surgical intervention.
Choosing a surgical method of treatment of postnecrotic pancreatic cysts is an extremely urgent problem these days. With developing technologies and increasing number of minimally invasive methods of treatment, diagnostic capabilities tend to improve. Whereas traditional methods of surgical treatment do not lose their relevance, recent studies optimize the indications for their implementation, which in turn reduces the frequency of the nearest and distant postoperative complications. The article deals with the questions of conservative therapy of postnecrotic cysts, indications and choice of a method of surgical treatment. It covers the methods of minimally invasive surgery, the application of which allows achieving excellent clinical results of treatment The authors pays particular attention to the recent tendency of using several methods of minimally invasive treatment describing that the combination of minimally invasive internal and external drainage has shown its effectiveness. It should be noted that performing intervention data from the position of pathogenetic treatment helps to achieve a good clinical result. The data on АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬАктуальность темы обусловлена ежегодным увеличением заболеваемости острым панкреатитом как в Российской Федерации, так и в большинстве раз-витых стран мира. В структуре смертности от острой хирургической патологии в Красноярском крае в последние годы смертность от острого панкреатита занимает первое место и составляет более 30 % [7].Одним из осложнений перенесённого острого панкреатита является постнекротическая киста (ПК) поджелудочной железы (ПЖ) (псевдокиста).По различным данным, острый панкреатит и панкреонекроз осложняются формированием ПКПЖ в 7-80 % случаев [16,20]. Образование ПКПЖ необхо-димо рассматривать как благоприятный исход тече-ния панкреонекроза, который существенно снижает
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