ABSTRAK<br />Gateball adalah olahraga yang menggunakan waktu selama 30 menit dalam setiap permainannya dengan<br />ketepatan pukulan pemainnya sebagai peluang utama untuk memenangkan pertandingan. Penelitian<br />bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil latihan pukulan repetisi meningkat dan set tetap untuk meningkatkan<br />ketepatan pukulan pada pemain gateball SMP TP 45 Denpasar. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode pre<br />eksperimental serta rancangan one group pretest posttest. Sampel yang terlibat sebanyak 10 orang berasal<br />dari pemain gateball siswa SMP TP 45 Denpasar yang memberikan respon terhadap penelitian dan<br />selanjutnya diuji secara statistik dengan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa latihan pukulan<br />repetisi meningkat dan set tetap mampu meningkatkan ketepatan pukulan dan setelah dilakukan uji hipotesis<br />didapat hasil secara signifikan yaitu pada signifikan p=0,00 (p&lt;0,05) dan dapat dinyatakan bahwa latihan<br />pukulan repetisi meningkat dan set tetap mampu meningkatkan ketepatan pukulan pada pemain gateball<br />SMP TP 45 Denpasar.<br />Kata kunci : Gateball, ketepatan pukulan, latihan pukulan repetisi meningkat dan set tetap.<br />ABSTRACT<br />Gateball is a sport that takes 30 minutes in every game with the blow accuracy of the player as the ultimate<br />opportunity to win the game. Research aims to find out the results of increased repetition and fixed set blow<br />exercise to improve the blow accuracy of SMP TP 45 Denpasar gateball player. The research was conducted<br />with pre experimental method within one group pretest posttest. The sample involved 10 students which<br />came from SMP TP 45 Denpasar gateball players by giving response to the research and then tested<br />statistically by Wilcoxon test. The result of the research showed that increased repetition and fixed set blow<br />exercise were able to improve the blow accuracy and after hypothesis test the result was significant that was<br />significant at p=0,00 (p&lt;0,05) and it can be stated that increased repetition and fixed set blow exercise were<br />able to improve the blow accuracy of the SMP TP 45 Denpasar gateball player.<br />Keywords : Gateball, blow accuracy, increased repetition and fixed set blow exercise

Background: Performance sports are carried out with high intensity and require excellent physical preparedness. This study aims to determine the relationship between height, weight, and athlete's blood hemoglobin level.Methods: This research was an analytic observational type with a cross-sectional study design among 49 male and female athletes enrolled with the total sampling technique. Data were analyzed with a descriptive test, and normality test, and multiple correlations. A significance value of p ≤ 0.05 and research data was analyzed using software SPSS version 20 for Windows.Results: Most respondents in both genders were normal in BMI (85.72%). However, anemia status tends to be higher in males (23.33%) than females (10.52%). The multiple correlation tests showed a moderate level of correlation with a value of r=0.408. The significance analysis of the value of p=0.015 indicatesthat there is a significant correlation between Height, Weight, and Blood Hemoglobin (Hb) level (p<0.05).Conclusion: There is a significant moderate positive correlation between height and weight to blood hemoglobin level.1.     Eime RM, Harvey JT, Charity MJ, Casey MM, van Uffelen JG, Payne WR. The contribution of sport participation to overall health enhancing physical activity levels in Australia: a population-based study. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:806. 2.     Holecek V, Liska J, Racek J, Rokyta R. The significance of free radicals and antioxidants due to the load induced by sport activity. Cesk Fysiol. 2004;53(2):76-79.3.     Patterson CM, Levin BE. Role of exercise in the central regulation of energy homeostasis and in the prevention of obesity. Neuroendocrinology. 2008;87(2):65-70. 4.     Stanula A, Roczniok R, Gabryś T, Szmatlan-Gabryś U, Maszczyk A, Pietraszewski P. Relations between BMI, body mass and height, and sports competence among participants of the 2010 Winter Olympic Games: does sport metabolic demand differentiate?. Percept Mot Skills. 2013;117(3):837-854. 5.     Maughan R. The athlete's diet: nutritional goals and dietary strategies. Proc Nutr Soc. 2002;61(1):87-96. 6.     Barnes HV. Physical growth and development during puberty. Med Clin North Am. 1975;59(6):1305-1317. 7.     Utkualp N, Ercan I. Anthropometric Measurements Usage in Medical Sciences. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:404261.8.     Goodrich JA, Ryan BJ, Byrnes WC. The Influence of Oxygen Saturation on the Relationship Between Hemoglobin Mass and VO 2 max. Sports Med Int Open. 2018;2(4):E98-E104. 9.     Smith DW. The molecular biology of mammalian hemoglobin synthesis. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1980;10(2):116-122.10.  Soliman AT, Sanctis VD, Kalra S. Anemia and Growth. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2014;18(Suppl 1):S1-S5.11.  Prommer N, Wachsmuth N, Thieme I, Wachsmuth C, Mancera-Soto EM, Hohmann A, et al. Influence of Endurance Training During Childhood on Total Hemoglobin Mass. Front Physiol. 2018;9:251. 12.  Bell SG. An introduction to hemoglobin physiology. Neonatal Netw. 1999;18(2):9-15. 13.  Namita, Ranjan DP. A Cross-Sectional Study of Association Between Hemoglobin   Level and Body Mass Index Among Adolescent Age Group. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2019;9(8):746-750.14.  Syah MNH, Asna AF. Resiko Gangguan Makandan Kejadian Anemia pada Mahasiswa Putri Program Studi S1 Gizi STIKES Mitra Keluarga. Jurnal Gizi dan Kesehatan. 2018;2(1):1-6.15.  Acharya S, Patnaik M, Mishra SP, Panigrahi AK. Correlation of Hemoglobin Versus Body Mass Index and Body Fat in young Adult Female Medical Students. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2018;8(10):1371-1373.

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Changes in body height have been affected by many factors among others genetic,health, hormonal, social economic, exercise, nutrition intake, etc. It was due toimportance physiology parameter to determine growth and nutrition conditioned of thepeople. Income per capita in West Countries higher than Asian includes Indonesian.Some approximates of mean the body height were done on Norwegian and USA isincreasing, up to 13 mm and 10 mm until ten years. Further, the assumption of nutritionintake is increasing for mothers and infant, unanimously increasing of Bali (Indonesian)gross domestic product until 1975 - 1980. So that body height has been increased to nextgeneration. A total of 3.917 subject on 1990, divided in to 2.340 male and 1.577 female students and 1.218 subject on 2000 divided in to 525 male and 693 female students. Theresult showed that body height has been increased for male and female 22,1 mm; 19.88mm, respectively.

Pendahuluan: Daya tahan kardiorespirasi merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kapasitas fisik lansia. Semakin baik daya tahan kardiorespirasi lansia maka akan semakin baik pula kapasitas fisiknya Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kapasitas fisik lansia yang terlatih di daerah dataran tinggi dengan pendekatan Balloon blowing exercise sebagai salah satu latihan pernapasan dengan menggunakan balon yang dimodifikasi dengan cara menarik nafas lewat hidung kemudian menghembuskannya lewat mulut sambil meniup balon. Metode: Rancangan penelitian ini adalah pre-eksperimental grup (quasi eksperimental) dengan one group pretest and postest design, dengan jumlah subjek penelitian yaitu 12 orang lansia laki-laki. Intervensi ballon-blowing exercise diberikan dalam frekuensi satu kali sehari selama dua minggu. Hasil: Analisis paired t-test menunjukkan nilai p = 0,000 (p<0,05) yang berarti bahwa pemberian ballon-blowing exercise efektif dalam meningkatkan daya tahan kardiorespirasi pada lansia di dataran tinggi. Kesimpulan: Pelatihan ballon-blowing mampu meningkatkan kapasitas fisik daya tahan kardiorespirasi pada lansia di dataran tinggi.    Kata kunci: balloon blowing exercise daya tahan kardiorespirasi, kapasitas fisik lansia