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Introduction: Travelers may transmit diseases due to their behavior of travel, consequently travelers should consider preventive measurement through pre-travel health consultation seeking behavior. Pre-travel health consultation is a particular preparation ideally conducted by international travelers to obtain risk assessment and management to prevent the transmission of diseases. This study investigates the relationship of socio-demographic characteristics and itinerary on pre-travel health consultation behavior among international travelers in Badung, Bali.Methods: A descriptive-correlative design using a cross-sectional approach employed 125 participants determined by a purposive sampling technique performed in the ten tourist destinations of Badung Regency. Data collection was conducted on February 15th until March 5th, 2020. Data demography, travel plan, and anonymous questionnaires regarding pre-travel health consultation behavior are used in this research. The Gamma coefficient correlation and Kruskal-Wallis statistic tests were performed in the study for bivariate analysis.Results: The results showed that age (p<0.0001; r=-0.650) and past-travel history to Bali (p=0.004; r=-0.475) were significantly correlated with pre-travel health consultation behavior among international travelers in Badung, Bali. Meanwhile sex, nationality, last education, travel duration, and types of the destination visited were not significantly associated with pre-travel health consultation behavior among international travelers in Badung, Bali (p>0.05).Conclusion: The age and past-travel history to Bali seem to be predictors for travelers to uptake pre-travel health consultation, thus nurses should be able to promote the implementation of pre-travel health consultation by utilizing the media promotion appropriately adjusted to the age of travelers and travel experience.

Spiritualitas sebagai sebuah keyakinan seringkali dikaitkan dengan hubungan transenden yang berdampak pada sikap dan perilaku individu, salah satunya sensitivitas moral dalam keperawatan. Sensitivitias moral merupakan ketentuan penting dalam praktik keperawatan dan menjadi tuntutan dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan secara holistik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan spiritualitas dan sensitivitas moral mahasiswa keperawatan di Provinsi Bali. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan deskriptif korelasional ini mengikutsertakan 122 mahasiswa keperawatan di Bali sebagai sampel dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner data demografi, spiritualitas, dan sensitivitas moral. Penelitian ini memperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat hubungan antara spiritualitas dengan sensitvitas moral mahasiswa keperawatan di Provinsi Bali (r = 0.320, P<0,001). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan yang lemah antara kedua variabel dengan arah hubungan yang positif dengan makna semakin tinggi tingkat spiritualitas mahasiswa keperawatan maka semakin tinggi sensitivitas moral mahasiswa keperawatan. Faktor-faktor lain yang dapat memengaruhi sensitivitas moral mahasiswa keperawatan perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Kata kunci: spiritualitas, sensitivitas, moral, keperawatan SPIRITUALITY RELATIONSHIP AND MORAL SENSITIVITY OF NURSING STUDENTS  ABSTRACTSpirituality as a belief is often associated with transcendent relationships that have an impact on individual attitudes and behavior, one of which is moral sensitivity in nursing. Moral sensitivity is an important provision in nursing practice and is a demand in providing health services holistically. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between spirituality and moral sensitivity of nursing students in Bali Province. This quantitative research with a descriptive correlational design included 122 nursing students in Bali as samples and used purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using demographic, spirituality and moral sensitivity data questionnaires. This study found that there was a relationship between spirituality and moral sensitivity of nursing students in Bali Province (r = 0.320, P <0.001). These results indicate that there is a weak relationship between both of variables with the direction of a positive relationship which means that the higher level of spirituality of nursing students then the higher level of moral sensitivity among nursing students. Other factors that can influence the moral sensitivity of nursing students need to be investigated further. Keywords: spirituality, sensitivity, morality, nursing

Pain is a devastating outcome following cardiac surgery due to routine procedures, including chest tube removal, deep breathing, and coughing exercise. Pharmacological treatment requires complementary interventions in addressing the post-acute pain phase. This study aimed to identify the application of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to reduce postoperative pain after cardiac surgery. A literature search was conducted by exploring original studies on the Google Scholar, PubMed NCBI, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect database that published in the last five years (2016-2021), enrolled adult participants who were undergoing cardiac surgery, and evaluated the outcome of CAM therapy on the postoperative pain after the cardiac surgery. Eighteen original studies were analyzed and synthesized. Thirteen studies employed randomized controlled trial, four studies applied quasi-experimental, and one study used one group pre-post-test design. Among these studies, ten studies focused on the manipulative and body-based practices domain (cryotherapy and massage). The application of relaxation exercise, music therapy, and distraction technique from the mind-body intervention domain was discussed in six studies. Only three studies reported the utilization of therapy from the alternative medical system, biologically-based therapy, and energy therapy domain. The majority of the CAM interventions provided significant effects in postoperative pain relief after cardiac surgery. Nurses should be able to assign appropriate CAM therapies for each patient, although all domains of CAM consider as an effective modality for postoperative pain relief after cardiac surgery. Hence, the CAM therapy would be a proper complement for the pharmacological therapies, effective in reducing the pain, and provides a chance for the patient to manage their pain independently.