<p><em>Tourism-culture relationships are expected to become mutual relations since Bali tourism was declared by the colonial government in the 1920s. In the case of Bali tourism, relationships do not always run in sync. Tourism and culture often clash, beginning with the conflict holyland of Tanah Lot Temple in 1994, the National Tourism Strategic Area (KSPN) Besakih in 2011, and the reclamation of Teluk Benoa in 2016. The roots of tourism and culture in Bali become a problem to be dissected for the purpose of revealing the root of the problem, analyzing the historical relationships at the root of the problem, and formulating solutions for the development of Balinese tourism in tune with Balinese culture. An overview of this issue can be explained that tourism and cultural conflicts arose when the planned mass tourism of 1971 began to exceed the target of foreign tourists in 1994. The root of the problem is the stampede of Balinese holiness. The stampede of the local value of Bali is causing antipathy towards the development of Bali tourism. Therefore, the development of Bali tourism must make restrictions on the visits of foreign tourists to provide an opportunity to local people to plan their own tourism Bali fair.</em></p>

<p>Yoga is a search for tourists in Bali tourism which is spread in some destinations in Bali such as in Ubud, Seminyak and Sanur. This search for yoga is a form of health search that is different from the purpose of yoga to achieve moksha (eternal happiness). This gap raises research questions about the form of yoga secularization in Bali tourism. This article reviews the form of yoga secularization in Balinese tourism according to the theory of historical materialism which states that the basic principle of change is matter. This article is based on qualitative research carried out in series in 2016 and 2017. The result is that the form of yoga secularization in Balinese tourism occurs through changes in orientation to health, changes in yoga techniques to healing techniques, exchange with money, and the use of science-technology. Changes are forms of secularization in yoga.</p>

Spiritual tourism is a phenomenon in a tourism by religious and spiritual purposes. Spiritual journey has become an ancient form of travelling, but new developments develop by wide segmentation. Hindu Pasraman such as Munivara and Ratu Bagus ashram have become a spiritual tourism destination. Therefore, its potentials need to be explored for the development of a larger Hindu pasraman. This study explores the potential of Hindu pasraman by comparing it with the motivation of foreign tourists. The potential that its developing seemly with the motivation of foreign tourists to be a potential that can be developed. This research uses data collection by used literature studies, observations and interviews. The data analysis uses qualitative data analysis. The result of this research is the potential of pasraman Hindu as a place of learning, relaxation, and health is potential that can be developed to become a spiritual tourism destination. Continued research is expected to measure the most dominant potential. Through this research can be suggested to improve facilities, access, and cooperation of Hindu pasraman organization.<br />

The interest of foreign tourists to the spiritual tourism to Bali provides an opportunity for the development of the Balinese spiritual network abroad. These spiritual network have a dual role, in addition to initially introduce Balinese culture, they then also promote and become travel agents. This article examines the forms of spiritual disciple networks, the process of network transformation into marketing agents and the role of agents in spreading the culture, so that foreign tourists who interested in spiritual tourism are interested to come to Bali. These research problem are examined with qualitative approach through literature study, nonparticipant observation, and in-depth interview. Data were analyzed by the approach of tourism marketing theory from Seaton (1996) and postmodern theory of Derrida. The result is that the form of spiritual disciple network is the overseas training centers, the process of transforming into a marketing agency through the spiritual group’s desire to travel to Bali those are grew by spiritual teachers. The spiritual tour happened to Bali is the success of marketing agents as agents of cultural spread to the origin country of foreign tourists.

<p>Pariwisata yoga berkembang di Bali, selain di tempat kelahirannya yoga di India. Pencarian wisman terhadap yoga ke Bali mulai sejak tahun 1970-an dengan membawa guru yoga sendiri. Pada tahun 1980-an, guru-guru yoga lokal mulai terserap menjadi guru yoga untuk wisman. Pencarian wisman terhadap yoga ke Bali menimbulkan masalah penelitian tentang potensi, keunikan dan pengembangan produk yoga. Pertanyaan penelitian ini dibahas dengan teori motivasi, teori produk planning dan teori kepuasan. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara mendalam dan kuesioner. Data yang dikumpulkan ini dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Bali memiliki potensi yoga yang berkembang pada keunikannya yang berbasis budaya dan etnik Bali. Kepuasan wisman terhadap produk yoga di Bali tertinggi terletak pada budaya dan etnik. Karena itu, pengembangan produk yoga di Bali harus berbasis kepada budaya dan etnik Bali sehingga bisa menjadi daya tarik wisman ke Bali. Daya tarik yang berupa keunikan budaya dan etnik ini menjadi pembeda daripada pariwisata yoga di Bali, dengan pariwisata yoga di tempat-tempat lainnya di dunia.</p><p>Kata Kunci: Pariwisata Yoga, Keunikan, Pengembangan Produk</p>