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The specific purpose and target of this research is to determine the role of family welfare empowerment organizations (PKK) in the prevention and early handling of women and children victims of violence. The reason for researching this topic is the increase in the number of victims of violence against women and children every year. Based on data from the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection, it is shown that since 2012 it has increased from 18,718 to 54,041 cases in June 2017 and until February 2018 it has shown 374 cases of violence against women and children. In this case, the Government is responsible for providing optimal services needed by victims, both medical, psychological, and legal assistance in an effort to recover their condition. The government in providing services to victims should cooperate and partner with the community, especially in the prevention and early handling of victims of violence. Prevention and early handling of victims of violence at the village level can empower family welfare empowerment organizations (PKK) which are government partners that are considered effective in the prevention and early handling of women and children victims of violence in their areas. Based on these reasons, it is necessary to study in depth the role of the PKK organization in preventing and early handling of women and children victims of violence. To achieve specific goals and targets in this study, the research method used is a normative research method with a statue approach and a conceptual approach.The results of the study provide an overview 1) there is a clear regulation in the laws and regulations related to the participation of the PKK in preventing and early handling of victims of violence, what needs to be further regulated is regulation in the form of Village Regulations and customary law (awig-awig) related to the participation of PKK and indigenous women in the prevention and early handling of victims of violence. 2) the procedures for preventing and early handling of victims of violence need to be stated in the operational standards in the village and the traditional village paparem.

Studi ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kepastian hukum keputusan fiktif positif (Pasal 53 UU Administrasi Pemerintahan Pasca judicial review UU Cipta Kerja) dan bentuk sarana perlindungan hukum yang dapat digunakan masyarakat apabila tidak diterbitkannya keputusan terhadap permohonan yang dianggap dikabulkan (fiktif positif) pasca judicial review UU Cipta Kerja. Studi ini memakai metode penelitian hukum normatif, pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil dari studi (1) Terhadap Pasal 53 UUAP pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi atas UU Cipta Kerja terdapat kekosongan hukum yang menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum kepada masyarakat dan berpotensi menimbulkan kesewenang-wenangan pemerintah atas masyarakat, karena semakin singkatnya waktu memproses permohonan yang berpotensi terdapatnya keputusan yang diterbitkan dengan tergesa-gesa dan tidak cermat, tidak diatur mekanisme untuk mendapatkan keputusan dan/atau tindakan atas fiktif positif, tidak ada aturan pelaksana yang sudah diperintahkan, serta tidak ada lagi lembaga independen yang mampu memaksa dan memberikan jaminan agar badan dan/atau pejabat pemerintah menetapkan keputusan atau melaksanakan tindakan atas fiktif positif. (2) Sarana Perlindungan hukum yang dapat dilakukan masyarakat untuk mendapatkan penyelesaian jika terjadi fiktif positif yaitu melakukan pengaduan secara tertulis kepada penyelenggara pelayanan publik dan Lembaga Ombudsman. This Study, intends to identifies the legal certainty of positive fictitious  (Article 53 Government Administration Act after enactment of Cipta Kerja Act) and the kind of legal protection facilities that can be used by the public if a decision is not issued on an application deemed granted (positive fictitious) after enactment of Cipta Kerja Act. This study uses normative legal research method with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results of the study is : (1) Towards Article 53 of UUAP after enactment of Cipta Kerja Act and after the Mahkamah Konstitusi decision, there is a legal vacuum that creates legal uncertainty and  has potential to cause government arbitrariness over the society, bacause shorter processing time for application may be cause decisions published hastily and carelessly, there is no regulated mechanism for obtaining decisions and/or actions on positive fictitious, there are no regulation that have been ordered by this Act, and there are no longer independent institutions has capable of coercing and providing guarantees that the government will issue a decision or take action upon the positive fictitious. (2) Legal protection facilitie, that can be used by the society to get solution for a positive fictitious is making a written complaint to the public service provider and to the Ombudsman.

Introduction: The uncertainty surrounding levies on mineral mining transportation activities requires an observation of the legal concepts that have conceptualized the levies and the system that is being used. Therefore, there is a need for harmonization of the levy concept related to indigenous villages.Purposes of the Research: This study is aimed to determine the boundaries of authority of the Customary Village towards the implementation of state authority and the levy category for the mineral mining transportation.Methods of the Research: This study uses a normative research method because the legal issues discussed are related to the implementation of statutory norms, namely the Regional Regulations on Traditional Villages in Bali with higher statutory regulations, through a conceptual approach, as well as the snowball technique used in collecting legal materials with the technique such as descriptions, comparisons, evaluations, and arguments in analyzing legal materials.Results of the Research: The authority of the indigenous village to regulate the levies collected by the indigenous village as long as they do not conflict with higher regulations is considered valid. The concept of levies regulated in legislation classified as specific levies, as the object is the transportation of mineral mining, is not collected by force but voluntarily regarding the tariff amount, and has been agreed upon in the form of awig-awig (a social norm regulation of Balinese society) and can be categorized as a valid levy, as the levies imposed are not separated from the elements of Tri Hita Karana.

The principle of droit de suite is one of the most important principles in the law of guarantee,especially in fiduciary security. The principle implies that the rights of the creditor as therecipient of the fiduciary objects continue to follow the object of guarantee, wherever theobject is, to guarantee the repayment of the debts of the debitor. The rights which are ownedby the creditor as the recipient of fiduciary security in the principle seem to be absolute, butin fact if it is related to de practice, the principle of droit de suite has certain limitations.The limitations of this principle is whon it is faced with higher interest, the individual rightsowned by the recipient of fiduciary must succumb, as in the case of illegal logging, whichonce was decided to test the Forestry Law by the Constitutional Court (Case DecisionNumber 012/PUU-III/2005). Although the State can perform fiduciary deprivation of theobject which is used for committing illegal logging, but from the aspect of material criminallaw, it cannot be done immediately to destroy the object of guarantee, since object of thefiduciary collateral, is not considered a dangerous thing. Whereas, from the legal aspects ofcriminal procedure, if the case has been decided, then there is a duty of the State to returnthe object of fiduciary to those who own it.From the aspect of civil law, the creditor as recipient of fiduciary who feel harmed as aresult of illegal logging practices may have standing to sue for damages under Article 1365of Burgerljik Wetboek. The provision is used, because the act of illegal logging is an actagainst the law and there are losses caused to the recipient of fiduciary.