The purpose — to compare the diagnostic potential of multispiral computer tomography and ultrasound dopplerography in the assessment of atherosclerotic lesions of the cerebral arteries in metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. The study included 78 patients. The group consisted of 44 men (56,4%) and 34 women (43,6%); the average age was 62 ± 1,2 years. Coronary heart disease was detected in 54 (69,2%), and no signs were registered in 24 (30,8%). Anamnestically, 19 (24,4%) people were diagnosed with a stroke, and 18 (23%) people had a myocardial infarction. 42 people (53,8%) had verified dyscirculatory encephalopathy of various degrees. 34 (43,6%) people suffered from hypertension. 42 people had disorders of carbohydrate metabolism: 12 (15,3%) — type 2 diabetes, 30 (38,4%) — metabolic syndrome. The patients were divided into 3 groups: 1) persons without metabolic syndrome — 48 people (61.5% of the total number of examined); 2) persons with metabolic syndrome without type 2 diabetes — 18 people (23,1% of the total number of examined); 3) persons with type 2 diabetes — 12 people (15,4% of the total number of examined). Results. Atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries were detected in 78 people by multispiral computer tomography and in 51 patients by ultrasound dopplerography of these vessels. Conclusions. In general, the use of multispiral computer tomography to detect atherosclerotic lesions of the vascular bed is the most preferable in comparison with ultrasound dopplerography, especially in patients with a high risk of cardiovascular events. While for patients who do not belong to this group, ultrasound dopplerography (a simple, accessible, informative technique) can be used as the primary screening.
Purpose: Study of structural and morphological features of atherosclerotic lesions of large main vessels (carotid arteries) in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and methods: The study included 78 patients. Exclusion criteria: age under 40 years, pregnancy, acute infectious diseases, as well as chronic diseases within less than 2 weeks from the onset of complete clinical and laboratory remission, severe cardiac (LVEF < 30 %) and renal (blood creatinine > 300 mmol/l) insufficiency, alcohol abuse or drug dependence. There were 44 men (56.4 %) and 34 women (43.6 %) in the group surveyed. Coronary heart disease was detected in 54 (69.2 %) individuals, 24 (30.8 %) of the examined individuals had no signs of coronary heart disease; 19 (24.4 %) people had a history of stroke, 18 (23 %) people — myocardial infarction. 42 people (53.8 %) had dyscirculatory encephalopathy of various degrees, 34 (43.6 %) had hypertension, 42 patients had carbohydrate metabolism disorders, 12 (15.3 %) patients had type 2 diabetes, and 30 (38.4 %) patients had metabolic syndrome. Three groups of subjects were formed. The group of people without metabolic syndrome included 48 people (61.5 % of the total number of examined). The group of people with metabolic syndrome without type 2 diabetes included 18 individuals (23.1 % of the total number of examined). The group of people with type 2 diabetes included 12 individuals (15.4 % of the total number of examined). The examination of patients included: physical examination; laboratory diagnostics; electrocardiography; transthoracic echocardiography; multislice computed tomography with angiocontrast. Results: 78 patients were found to have different density of atherosclerotic plaques. There were no differences in volume among the groups of people surveyed. In patients with type 2 diabetes, there is a decrease in the lipid-fibrous component and an increase in the density of atherosclerotic plaque. Conclusion: Multislice computed tomography can detect various forms of vascular damage, the progression of the process, and assess the severity of structural and morphological manifestations of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome at an early stage.
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