It is fundamental truth that breast milk is the best food for a newborn, providing it with energy, high-quality nutrients, as well as a large variety of biologically active components necessary for adequate physical and psychomotor development. Acting either as part of complex biological structures or separately, the breast milk components, including personalized microbial and immune, regulate morphogenesis at the molecular and cellular level, determine the metabolism nature, guide the development of mucosal immunity in the child’s body. It is impossible to identify any component of breast milk as the main component that determines its functional activity and provides the benefits of natural feeding. The purpose of this review is to describe the role of prebiotics in breast milk and infant formula for the formation and maintenance of a healthy baby intestinal microbiota, which is a key element in the formation of normal digestion, a functionally sound immune system and metabolism.

Purpose of the Study: Assessment of the influence of the type of the adapted infant milk formula in infants on the formation of the body resistance. Children Characteristics and Study Methods. 105 virtually healthy children were examined, as follows: 35 children were breastfed (control group), 70 children were formula fed including 35 children that received NENNY with prebiotics formula based on the goat milk (main group), 35 children – formulas based on the cow milk with probiotics and prebiotics (comparison group). The incidence rate of the acute respiratory diseases (ARD) as well as the number of the pneumonia histories in the infants were assessed, and the body resistance index was calculated. The laboratory assessment of the child body immunoresistance was carried out using the method of imprint smears from the nasal mucous membranes and the method of nasal washes. Results. It was determined that there were 2 times more children of the main group with no history of the acute respiratory diseases when infant than in the comparison group. In general, the good resistance (were sick 0-3 times a year) in the main group was registered in 82.9% of the children, while it was only 60% in the comparison group. The average number of the ARD cases per year was 2.3 ± 0.02 in the main group, which is 1.5 times less than in the comparison group – 3.6 ± 0.04 (p <0.05), and in 1, 3 times more than that in the control group – 1.8 + 0.03 (p<0.05). In average, the resistance index was 0.28 ± 0.02 in the main group, while it was 0.36 ± 0.03 in the comparison group, and 0.25 ± 0.02 in the control group. When studying the incidence rate of the community-acquired pneumonia in the infants, it was revealed that 2.8% of them were ill in the control group, 5.7% of them in the main group, and 8.5% in the comparison group. When feeding the child with formulas based on the goat’s milk, the level of mucosal immunity of the nasal mucosa and enzyme systems of the intraleukocyte microbicidal system is assured, which is virtually indistinguishable from the level of immunity achieved with breastfeeding. Conclusion. Adapted NENNY with prebiotics formulas can be recommended for children who are formula fed when infant in order to increase the body’s resistance and to reduce the incidence rate of the acute respiratory diseases and community-acquired pneumonia.

No abstract

Для оптимального роста и развития ребенка необ-ходимо правильное питание, особенно в первый год жизни. Известно, что даже на грудном вскарм-ливании к возрасту ребенка 4-6 мес не только фор-мируется дефицит важнейших ингредиентов, но и общая калорийность рациона перестает покрывать ежедневный расход энергии. К концу первого по-лугодия жизни основные ферменты слизистой обо-лочки желудочно-кишечного тракта, участвующие в переваривании белков, жиров и углеводов, уже до-статочно активны, увеличивается в 2 раза масса ре-бенка, нарастает физическая активность (уверенно держит и поворачивает голову, сидит с поддержкой), часто после кормления грудью или смесью ребенок все еще остается голодным [1].Если по каким-либо причинам ребенок получает неполноценное питание, то, наряду с прочими факто-рами, оказывающими влияние на состояние здоровья, © Коллектив авторов, 2016 Ros Vestn Perinatol Pediat 2016 3:106-113 DOI: 10.21508/1027 3:106-113 DOI: 10.21508/ -4065-2016 Адрес для корреспонденции: Казначеев Константин Сергеевич -к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии и неонатологии Новосибирского государ-ственного медицинского университета Казначеева Лариса Федоровна -д.м.н., проф. той же кафедры 630091 Новосибирск, Красный проспект, д. Ключевые слова: дети, органик-продукты, продукты прикорма, каши на козьем молоке, рост и развитие, функциональные нарушения желудочно-кишечного тракта.Objective: to evaluate the physical development and health status of babies receiving goat's milk-based formula "Bibikasha". Patients and methods. An open-label uncontrolled trial was conducted in 47 babies aged 5 to 6.5 months. Their weight and height changes, neuropsychological development, and the skin were assessed. The incidence of acute respiratory diseases, the manifestations of dyspepsia, and number of bowel movement a day were estimated; fecal macroscopy, microbiological examination, and complete blood count were carried out. The data were statistically processed using Statistica Advanced. Results. At complementary feeding, there was constipation and hard stools in approximately 20% the infants in the study group and fecal opportunistic bacteria in 63.8%. When eating Bibikasha, the number of infants with opportunistic pathogenic bacteria reduced by 3 times and hard stools and constipation disappeared completely. During their follow-up, none of the babies developed anemia, acute respiratory or gastrointestinal diseases; weight gain rates and psychomotor development were age-appropriate, indicating their harmonious development. Conclusion. Bibikasha used as a complementary food has a positive effect on a baby's health and contributes to the prevention of nutrition-related diseases. Adding Bibikasha to the diet of infants with constipation normalizes their bowel function.

No abstract