The paper considers issues of increasing the efficiency of application of measuring expert systems (MES) that solve the problem of reducing power losses of motor and tractor internal combustion engines (ICE) in production conditions due to changes in their technical condition. MES carry out operational control of the energy parameters of the machine and tractor fleet for taking timely repair and maintenance actions. A methodological approach is proposed for creating an automation system for the development of MES, which increases the efficiency of the formation of MES due to the existing expertise in this subject area. The methodological basis of research is a dynamic method for diagnosing ICE. This method uses a test dynamic effect on ICE, which is the most practical for assessing the state of tractor ICE in production conditions, as well as computer modeling of the ICE work processes in order to find informative diagnostic indicators characterizing energy parameters. On the basis of the proposed target function, the software was determined in the form of the model describing a variety of system elements, their features and states, as well as links between them. Information provision was organized, carrying out the functions of collecting, processing and providing information upon request. A method for constructing a logical scheme of the development algorithm MES was formed, which formalizes the process of solving interrelated problems in the synthesis of various structures of hardware and software based on a set of mathematical models. On the example of modeling an ICE unit – a working machine, the effect of varying the input parameters of the model was estimated: torque effects and resistance moments on the diagnostic parameters of the technical state – angular velocities and accelerations. The use of computer modeling of ICE working processes using this methodological approach made it possible to create a digital technology and a measuring system for automated energy monitoring of the tractor fleet of an agricultural enterprise. The computer structural diagrams of ICE and MES models can be used in diagnostic complexes. This will make it possible to increase the accuracy and reliability of determining the state of the internal combustion engine and the mechanisms and working machines aggregated with it, as well as improve the quality of the work they perform.

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There was investigated the application for the purpose of diagnosing the technical condition of the unit, the internal combustion engine (ICE) - the working machine (WM) of advanced computer models of internal combustion engines with the additional function of determining the technical condition of machines (mechanisms) driven by the internal combustion engine. The mechanical system «ICE-working machine» is considered as a three- and two-mass system with lumped parameters. Equations of equilibrium moments are made that act on the selected concentrated masses, taking into account various nonlinearities (dry and viscous friction, dead zone, etc.), elasticity of the shafts and joints. The block diagrams of the ICE-PM system in the form of transfer functions are given. A computer simulation of this system was carried out with the presentation of the obtained computer structural diagrams and graphs of dynamic processes (angular velocities and shaft accelerations, etc.). Introducing into these schemes the values of the parameters characteristic of a specific unit ICE-PM by varying the values of different moments, it is possible in the static and dynamic modes to evaluate their influence on the technical state of ICE-PM. The use of a computer model allows to take into account the influence of these factors on informative diagnostic signals reflecting the technical condition of the internal combustion engine, since the level of signals characterizing the power indicators of the internal combustion engine is significantly higher than the level of signals reflecting elasticity and nonlinearity. The developed computer block diagram can be directly used in diagnostic complexes based on microprocessor systems, microcontrollers and microcomputers for diagnosing internal combustion engines and working machines under operational conditions.

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