Авторське резюме У статті вивчено історичний досвід реформування системи охорони здоров'я в Україні, який дозволив висвітлити в ній основні проблеми державного управління. Так, законодавча база галузі охорони здоров'я характеризується фрагментарністю і складністю, з поширеним дублюванням і нечітко визначеними векторами підзвіт ності фінансових і матеріальних ресурсів та значного дефіциту фінансування. В свою чергу, існує нагальна потреба у докорінній зміні стратегії державної політики стосов но перебудови системи охорони здоров'я, яка передбачатиме принципово нові меха нізми державного управління, які мають бути пристосовані до конкретних суспіль них проблем і можливостей, зокрема в умовах обмежених ресурсів. Встановлено, що реформування систем охорони здоров'я країн колишнього СРСР мають схожий із Україною характер, а саме: недостатнє державне фінансування, низька якість медичної допомоги, високий рівень співоплати медичних послуг грома дянами, низький рівень оплати праці медичних працівників і, як наслідок, обмежена доступність населення до якісних медичних послуг. На підставі результатів аналізу існуючих та невирішених проблем системи охо рони здоров'я доведено необхідність запровадження нових механізмів управління у цій сфері: розвиток системи обов'язкового медичного страхування; поєднання бюд жетного та страхового джерел фінансування системи охорони здоров'я; зростаюче бюджетне фінансування системи охорони здоров'я; розвиток первинної ланки; вре гулювання державних гарантій відповідно до державних фінансових можливостей; збільшення оплати праці медичних працівників; пошук нових організаційних форм діяльності закладів охорони здоров'я; збільшення ефективності використання ресур сів охорони здоров'я; роздержавлення та вдосконалення структури системи медичної допомоги. Ключові слова: державне управління, система охорони здоров'я, реформування, медичне страхування, первинна ланка, медична допомога, медичні послуги, ресурси охорони здоров'я.

The article examines international cooperation of Ukraine with other States in the sphere of ensuring nuclear and radiation safety and highlights the main directions of development and improvement of nuclear and radiation safety in Ukraine based on international experience, with the aim of preventing the risks of accidents and contamination areas radiological substances. Illuminated that for more than half a century of experience in the use of nuclear energy by the international community under the auspices of the UN, IAEA and other international organizations initiated and monitored the implementation of key national and international programs on nuclear and radiation safety. Of the Convention in the field of nuclear safety and the related independent peer review, effective national regulatory infrastructures, current nuclear safety standards and policy documents, as well as mechanisms of evaluation in the framework of the IAEA constitute important prerequisites for the creation of a world community, the global regime of nuclear and radiation safety. For analysis of the state of international cooperation of Ukraine with other States in the sphere of nuclear and radiation safety, highlighted the legal substance of nuclear and radiation safety of Ukraine, which is enshrined in the domestic Law of Ukraine «On nuclear energy use and radiation safety». Considered the most relevant legal relations. It is established that, despite the current complex international instruments, existing domestic legislation on nuclear and radiation safety, partly there is a threat of emergency nuclear radiation nature, in connection with the failure of fixed rules and programs, lack of funding from the state is not always on time and in full allows you to perform fixed strategy for overcoming the consequences of radiation accidents, the prevention of the threat of environmental pollution. Found that to improve and further ensuring nuclear 1 Doctor of public administration, Full Prof.; Dnepropetrovsk regional institute of

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The article reveals the concept and structure of the professional competence of civil servants, as well as their professional abilities. High-quality training of specialists in the field of state and municipal administration is a problem that is relevant both for modern higher education and for society as a whole. The quality of the activities of the next generation's Ukrainian political elite largely depends on how competent and prepared the graduates-future civil servants will be. The introduction of new educational standards based on a competency-based approach has led to the need to improve the methodology and teaching methods in higher education. The modern concept of training civil service specialists places high demands on educational programs, in particular, on the development of professional competence of future civil servants provided for in them. It is important for the state that a student-a future civil servant-after graduation has a certain set of knowledge and skills, but one of the main requirements for a specialist is his desire and ability to quickly adapt to the new situation and navigate the modern information space, the ability to learn and develop professionally. Studying the practice of functioning of state power and local self-government, the experience of the competition commissions that select applicants for vacant positions in the public service, as well as the experience of communicating with existing civil servants, students of professional retraining and advanced training programs of the state and municipal service, indicate that the current At present, the system of vocational education does not provide enough for students to form their civil servants-professional communicative competence. In this regard, there is a need to find optimal ways to improve the work of the university in this direction, the need to develop a program that would purposefully form the professional communicative competence of students-future public servants.

Dnipropetrovsk regional institute of public administration of National academy for public administration under the President of Ukraine Dnipro, Ukraine Problem setting. One of the most actual environmental problems in Ukraine is the accumulation and utilization of the solid household waste. Due to the considerable volumes of garbage accumulation, Ukraine is considered to be the one of the most technically inflicted countries in the world. In its experience of solid domestic waste treatment, our state is for a few decades behind the developed countries of Europe. There are tens of thousands of spontaneous dumps in Ukraine and more than 6 500 official landfills. Recent research and publications analysis. The analysis of researches on the assessment of the status of waste disposal sites in Ukraine has shown the lack of scientific works on the integrated assessment and forecast of solid waste landfills' state and the minimization of their impact on the environment. The imperfection of modern measures to minimize the impact of dumps on the environment and the lack of an effective monitoring system necessitate the development of a set of measures to ensure the ecological safety of landfills. Aim of the article. To study the problem of solid waste accumulation and utilization in Ukraine and to identify ways of public governance's improvement in the sphere of dealing with them. Main material. Hundreds of thousands of tons of solid household waste are being collected annually in urban landfills. Location, arrangement and operating conditions of most sewage dumps do not meet regulatory requirements, this increases the ecological danger of these objects. There are about 2000 objects in Ukraine, which are organized without projects and engineering and hydrogeological exploration. The consequence of this is the pollution of groundwater by filtrate and the migration of pollutants along with ground and underground flows. Due to widespread problems with solid household waste throughout Ukraine, the entire power vertical faces this question. At the local level, attempts to start a business in the sphere of waste sorting and recycling have taken place for several years. There are a lot of reports on the building of waste sorting and waste recycling enterprises in different regions of Ukraine. The garbage market, where it would be possible to sell secondary raw materials, has not yet been developed in Ukraine. According to experts, for example, waste produced only by the capital itself, can be estimated at 3 billion UAH in a year. Thus, tens of billions of hryvnias can be got for the country's secondary raw materials. It has been estimated, that 100 waste processing plants are needed in order to clean the country from garbage. Taking into account the general difficult economic situation in the country, experts see the solution of this issue in attraction of foreign investments into the construction of such enterprises. For Ukraine there is a need for a state waste management strategy. Positive trends in the sphere of state regulati...