Studies of the dynamics of changes in the species composition of pests in fruit orchards in the context of climate change became especially relevant. Monitoring of phytophagous insects in gardens with the isolation of dominant species is a key component for building an effective system of protection of perennial plantings. The study was conducted in 2018-2020 on the basis of the Melitopol Experimental Station of Horticulture named after M.F. Sidorenko IS NAAS. The purpose of the study was to establish the species composition of phytophages and the level of their colonisation of peach orchards to optimise measures to protect this crop from pest damage. Conducting route and detailed surveys in different phases of tree development (swelling of buds, pink bud, flowering, end of flowering, forming, growth and ripening of fruits) showed that the entomocenosis of peach orchards consisted of 15 species of phytophagous insects belonging to 4 orders, 10 families, and 2 species of mites. The species composition and level of pest colonisation of peach orchards changed under the influence of weather conditions and protection measures. Lepidoptera insects were represented by 7 species of pests, among which the main carpophages were Grapholitha molesta Busck., to a lesser extent Anarsia lineatella. The attack density of these pests each year was at a high and medium level, respectively. Throughout all the years of study most harmful of insects from the order Coleoptera was polyphagous Epicometis hirta. The main Homoptera pest in 2018 was Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comst., while the prevalence of other catfacing insects was weak. During the vegetation periods of 2019-2020 the development of insects such as aphids and increase in the colonisation of leaves by mites, Thrips fuscipennis Haliche and Typhlocyba rosae L. was recorded in peach orchards

Goal. Study of the entomocomplex of peach plantations in order to plan appropriate measures to limit their harmfulness. Methods. Laboratory field. The population of peach trees by pests was determined according to generally accepted methods in the Research Garden of the Dmytro Motorny Tavriya State Agrotechnological University. Census counts were conducted in peach plantations of the Crimean Fireworks, Jubilee Sidorenko, Redhaven, Skazka, Vireney and Ambassador of Peace varieties. Results. It was found that in the agrocenosis of peach plantations during 2018—2019, three permanent species of pests were registered: California thymus (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comst.), Turkestan mite (Tetranychus turkestani Ud. Net Nik.) And eastern fruit eater (Grapholitha molesta Busck). The adult age of the last phytophagous began with the beginning of flowering peach trees and lasted until September. The number of butterflies in pheromone traps varied during the growing season from 24.7 to 48.5 specimens / trap, ie significantly exceeded the economic threshold of harmfulness. It should be noted that despite the very high age of the pest in the experiment, damage to peach shoots in all varieties (except Crimean fireworks and the Ambassador of Peace) was below the economic threshold of harmfulness (0.1—1.0%). The population of peach leaves by Turkestan mite on different varieties was 0.1—1.5 specimens / leaf. Studies on the peculiarities of the development of the Californian thyroid have shown that the beginning of the flight of males of the first generation was recorded in pheromone traps in the second decade of May. In 2019, this phase of development is marked a week later. The revival of traveling larvae also occurred at different times, with slight fluctuations. The number of California thyme on peach varieties ranged from 0.8 to 17.2 specimens / shield. Conclusions. On peach cultivars the California thyme (up to 17.2 specimens/shield), oriental fruit fly (from 0.3 to 2.5 specimens/shoot) and Turkestan spider mite (up to 23.8 specimens / leaf) were noted, depending on The high potential of California thyme reproduction in peach plantations on the Crimean Fireworks, Virenea and Ambassador of Peace varieties has been recorded.

Goal. To study the biological resistance of cherry varieties of different maturity against pest and to determine their number. Methods. Laboratory field. The population of cherry trees by pests was determined by conventional methods in the Research Garden of the NNVC Tavriya State Agrotechnological University. The final pest population of trees was assessed on a five-point scale. Results. The results of studying the phytosanitary condition of cherry plantations in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine are given. It was found that in 2018, 8 species of pest predominated, and in 2019 — only 5. The permanent species of pest were cherry aphid, rose leafhopper, cherry fly and Turkestan mite. It should be noted that the population of the above pests in the years of research was at the level of 0—2 points. In 2018, single black weevils and geese were recorded in cherry plantations at the level of 1 point, and the following year these species were completely absent. During 2018, all varieties, except Dilema and Udivitelnaya were inhabited by mobile stages of red fruit mite from 0.6 to 3.0 specimens/leaf. In 2019, the population of hawthorn mites was observed above the economic threshold of harmfulness on the varieties Melitopol Black, Announcement and Talisman (3.3—7.3 specimens/leaf), which corresponds to 4—5 points. The number of California thyme in cherry plantations of almost all varieties was higher than the threshold value, the maximum was observed in the variety Melitopol black — 5.6—8.5 specimens/shield. Conclusions. Resistance of cherry varieties by groups of maturity to the presence of pests was not detected, all varieties to some extent were covered by harmful entomofauna. Ongoing monitoring studies in cherry plantations from the moment of bud burst to harvest can increase the effectiveness of protective measures by timely assessment of the population of each species of pest.

According to the results of the researches in 2016-2018, the display terms and intensity of the major peach diseases development changes from year to year and depends mainly on the weather conditions that in the south of Ukraine are favorable for the mass spread and development of Taphrina deformans Tull., Clacterosporium carpophilum (Lev.) Aderh. and Monilia cinerea Bonord. The leaves affection by Taphrina damage appeared to be 35.0-56.3 %, the intensity of the disease development being 22.4-23.4 %; Clacterosporium – 16.5 and 5.4 %, Monilia – up to 15.0 %. When studying the species composition of the peach entomocomplex, 6 major pests were detected among insects as follows: Anarsia lineatella Zell., Archips rosana L., Grapholitha molesta Busck, Lithocolletis cerasicolella H.S, Sciaphobus squalidus Gyll. and Brachycaudus tragopogonis Kalt. Lepidoptera prevailes (67 %) among them. Other species of pests (17 %) belong to the rows Coleoptera and Homoptera. The complex application of the chemical (Bordeaux Isagro, 20 % Copper Sulphate, 5.0 kg/ha) and a mixture of the biological preparations (Trichodermin, 2.0 l/ha, Planriz, 1.0 l/ha, Pentofag, 5.0 l/ha, Gaupsin, 3.0-5.0 l/ha, Lepidocide, 10 l/ha) at the beginning of the bud swell, and before and after the peach flowering, proves to protect reliably the orchards against harmful organisms. The technical efficiency of the above mentioned preparations against the main diseases and dominant pests 63.0-89.0 and 50.0-94.0 % respectively.

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