and histological analysis are discussed from the standpoint of their nutritional significance.
The amount of available lysine in different sorts of beef and pork was determined and the relation between lysine and content of connective tissue was ascertained. The extent of reduction of the available lysine on heat processing depends on the time of heating and the proportion of meat and meat products water lost. The presence of added sugars in meat is practically without influence. The amount of available lysine in meat can also be decreased by smoking and salting with nitrite. The values obtained for the different kinds of meat products are discussed.
Available essential amino acids and hydroxyproline in the proteins of different cuts of veal, beef and pork were determined. An indirect relationship between available essential amino acids and hydroxyproline was found which can be expressed as regression straight lines, if the amounts of each available amino acid in g/16 g N and hydroxyproline in log g/16 g N are plotted. This relationship is valid for veal, beef and pork and does not appear to be influenced by age, sex, or species of animal.Taking the protein content of the whole hen's egg as a standard, egg ratios were calculated from the content of available essential amino acids. The relationship between egg ratios and hydroxyproline is expressed by curved lines. The chemical score given by the egg ratio of the limiting amino acid shows a change at 1.175 g of hydroxyproline/16 g N at which point the limiting amino acids change. With lower amounts of hydroxyproline, phenylalanine is limiting; with greater amounts methionine is the limiting amino acid. At this turning point, valine values are similar to the values of limiting amino acids.Results are discussed with regard to the nutritive values of meat proteins and to the possibility of the evaluation of meat quality on the basis of nitrogen and hydroxyproline analysis.
Der ausnutzbare Gehalt an essentiellen Aminosäuren und Hydroxyprolin wurde in verschiedenen Organ‐ und Gewebeproteinen von Rind, Kalb und Schwein bestimmt. Es wurde eine Beziehung zwischen dem Gehalt an Hydroxyprolin und den essentiellen Aminosäuren gefunden, die durch Regressionsgleichungen ausgedrückt werden kann und die wahrscheinlich für Gewebeproteine aller Säugetiere im Bereiche eines Hydroxyprilongehaltes von 0,316 bis 13,0 g/16 g N gültig sind. In diesem Zusammenhang wurde auch die Beziehung zwischen dem Chemical Score A/E bzw. E/T und Hydroxyprolin berechnet. Bei einem Hydroxyprolingehalt unter 1,096 g/16 g N errechnet sich Phenylalanin als limittierende Aminosäure. Für Proteine mit höherem Hydroxyprolingehalt ist dies Methionin. Im Wendepunkt der begrenzenden Aminosäuren hat der Chemical Score A/E einen Wert von 84; das ist der maximal erreichbare Wert. Der Chemical Score E/T beträgt im Wendepunkt 68, sein Wert erhöht sich mit sinkendem Hydroxyprolingehalt. Die Beziehung zwischen ausnutzbaren essentiellen Aminosäuren und Hydroxyprolin ermöglicht die Bestimmung des Chemical Score der Tierproteine lediglich aus der Kenntnis des Gehaltes an Hydroxyprolin und Stickstoff. Die Werte des Chemical Score werden als Ausdruck der Menge an vollwertigem Eiweiß und damit als Maß für Qualität und Quantität der Proteine in Organen und Geweben benutzt.
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