Rupture rates of untreated AAA were lower than those currently quoted in the literature. Non-AAA-related mortality in this group of patients is high.

The claim of a reduction in AAA expansion rate with statin therapy is based on low-quality evidence and was not significant on meta-analysis. However, statin therapy did appear to improve all-cause survival after AAA repair.

The groin is the commonest site for graft infections in vascular surgery. This is a potentially catastrophic situation as limb loss or even death occurs in a large percentage of cases. Standard teaching for treatment of infected vascular grafts is removal and extra anatomical bypass grafting whilst commencing appropriate antibiotics. This review article suggests careful scrutiny of the wound, debridement and coverage of the graft with a vascularised muscular flap is appropriate in certain situations.

DR of the tibial vessels appears to result in improved wound healing and limb salvage rates compared with IR, with no effect on mortality or reintervention rates. However, the quality of evidence on which these conclusions are based on is low.

There is poor-quality evidence that PNC usage significantly reduces opioid consumption following lower limb amputation, without affecting other short- or long-term outcomes. Well-performed randomised studies are required.