ZusammenfassungDie Gegens~itzlichkeit der Geochemie der Karbonateorganische oder anorganische Produktion -fiihrte zu einer widerspriichlichen Definition des Karbonatsystems AbstractThe dualism in carbonate geochemistry -organic or inorganic production -leads to an erroneous definition of the carbonate system. A different formulation of the chemical mechanism is proposed where traces of transition metals together with organic matter in natural environments play a central role in carbonate production. This approach is verified in a series of experiments using natural and artificial sea water and as chelating agents citric, tartaric, malonic, and oxalic acids with five transition metals: Ni, Co, Fe, Mn and Zn. The final product of carbonate precipitation depends on the type of metal acting as a central atom. In the series Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Zn the potential for calcium uptake increases from Ni to Zn, while magnesium uptake increases in the opposit direction from Zn to Ni. Dolomite can precipitate from Mg-rich natural waters by the catalytic effect of Fe(II)-chelates. If the waters containing Fe(II)-chelates are exhausted with respect to magnesium carbonate, they will attack dolomite to form calcite.
ZusammenfassungDie Untersuchung der Verteilung yon Ca 2+, Mg 2+, Na +, Sr 2+ und K +, sowie Ots und C TM in Hohlraumzementen aus drei fossilen Rfffen yon devonischem und triadischem Alter zeigt eine rhythmische Schwankung in den sukzessiven Zementschalen. Die Schwankung der geochemischen Parameter reflektiert eine ~uderung der Salinit~tsbedingungen. Dies wird unter der Annahme erkl~rt, dal3 die Ausfiillung der Hohlraume zuerst in einem halbgeschlossenen, sp~iter dann in einem relativ geschlossenen System statffindet. Die Faktorenanalyse best~tigt diese Hypothese.Die Mineralogie der gebildeten Zemente folgt der rhythmischen Sa]initiitsschwankung und daraus entstand zunachst eine W'echsellagemng yon caleitischen und aragonitischen Zernenten.~3ber Inversion und Sanamelkristallisation bildet sich w~hrend der sp~iteren Diagenese der fibrSse Calcit, dessen rhythmische Gefiigeabfolge yon der urspriinglichen Mineralogie der Zemente diktiert wird. Als letzte Zementgeneration folgt blockiger Calcit aus ionenarmen LSsungen, wobei keine Umwandlung dieser Zementphase mehr erfolgt.Aus der Faktorenanalyse aller geochemischen Parameter ergeben sich drei Faktorengruppen, die die Salinit~t, Temperatur und urspriingliche Bildungsmineralogie charakterisieren. AbstractAn Investigation of the distribution of Ca 2 § Mg 2 § Na +, Sr 2+ and K § as well as 0 28 and C t3 in void-filling cements out of three fossil reefs --of Devonian and Triassic ages --shows a rhythmic fluctuation of these parameters in the successive layers. This reflects a similar change in the salinity conditions during cementation. It also leads to the presumption that the void filling process starts in early stages with a semi-closed system and later passes into a relatively closed one. Results obtained from factor analysis support this hypothesis.The original mineralogic constitution of the cements must have followed the rhythmic fluctuation of salinity with the result of forming alternative layers of aragonite and calcite. These lead, through inversion and grain growth, in later diagenetic stages to the formation of fibrous calcite.Blocky calcite represents the last stage of cementation. It crystallises out of exhausted solutions and shows no signs of inversion.Multivariate analysis of all investigated parameters reveals three factors. These were interpreted as representing Salinity, Temperature and original Mineralogy. --Petrography of Carbonate Void-FiUing Cements in Fossil Reefsvariation rythmique dans les couches successives du ciment. La variation des param~tres chimiques refl6te un changement dans les conditions de la salinit& Ceci s'explique si l'on accepte que le remplissage des rides a eu lieu dans un milieu d'abord ~t moiti6 ferm6, et plus tard relativement ferm6. L'analyse des facteurs confirme cette hypoth6se. La min~-ralogie du ciment form6 est conforme ~ la variation rythmique de la salinit6, d'ofi r~sulta une alternance de ciment calcitique et aragonitique. Apr6s l'inversion et la recristallisation coalescente, il s'est form6, durant la diagen6se ul...
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