There is an urgent need to address the global mortality of the COVID-19 pandemic, as it reached 6.3 million as of July 2022. As such, the experts recommended the mass diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection at an early stage using nanotechnology-based sensitive diagnostic approaches. The development of nanobiosensors for Point-of-Care (POC) sampling of COVID-19 could ensure mass detection without the need for sophisticated laboratories or expert personnel. The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques for POC detection was also proposed. In addition, the utilization of various antiviral nanomaterials such as Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the development of masks for personal protection mitigates viral transmission. Nowadays, nano-assisted vaccines have been approved for emergency use, but their safety and effectiveness in the mutant strain of the SARS-CoV-2 virus remain challenging. Methodology: Updated literature was sourced from various research indexing databases such as PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Research Gate and Google Scholars. Result: We presented the concept of novel nanotechnology researched discovery, including nano-devices, electrochemical biosensing, nano-assisted vaccine, and nanomedicines, for use in recent times, which could be a formidable step for future management of COVID-19.

The outbreak of pandemic COVID-19 mounts overall pressure on healthcare and modern societies. The intervention of nanotechnology will play a vital role in bringing multi-disciplinary ways of developing affordable, reliable, and powerful tools for diagnosis, personal protection, and new effective medicines. Moreover, employing nanosensors will significantly aid to diagnose the viruses even on asymptomatic patients. Likewise, the use of nanoscale fibers can optimize the protection affinity of personal protective equipment and facemasks and allows their reusability for medical and economical benefit. This research was designed purposely to highlight the perspective contributions of nanotechnology in the war against COVID-19 pandemic

Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn (licorice) has been widely studied because of the possible ethnopharmacological benefit. It was among the essential Ayurvedic medicines studied for immunomodulatory, antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, hepato-protective activities. Nowadays, licorice’s root parts have been evaluated to contain numerous bioactive components responsible for the treatment of respiratory tract infections and influenza-like illnesses. Most importantly, several investigations have now assessed the multiple mechanisms by which these biomolecules could attack the essential proteins and enzymes responsible for SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry and interaction. Our findings gathered that the metabolites of Glycyrrhiza glabra could interfere with COVID-19 cellular entrance and replication by blocking all five key proteins and enzymes essential for the survival and attachment of the virus. In addition to their ability to neutralise, the inflammatory cytokines storm reaction following the COVID-19 viral infection. This review was designed to digest the potential pharmacological importance of Glycyrrhiza glabra and its likeness in combating the pandemic COVID-19.

According to World Health Organization, WHO, antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health, food security and development today. The means of delivering antibiotics to treat several brain infections, especially meningitis and encephalitis, have been inherently difficult, due to the presence of highly protective physiological barriers, mainly the blood-brain barrier (BBB), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that impairs the efficacy and bioavailability of antibiotics from reaching the susceptive organism. Many attempts have been made to optimize the therapeutic prognosis of such infections through the parenteral and intrathecal route of administration. These alternative routes have incited inadequate efficacy along with associated adverse effects. However, scientists have now considered the intranasal route (non-invasive) as a breakthrough to such inherent challenges. Moreover, several in vivo and ex vivo studies suggested evidence of the effectiveness of nose-to-brain delivery in treating bacterial and viral infections, thereby limiting the chance of antibiotic resistance. Targeting the multidrug resistance gram-positive and negative bacterias, a study was reported using nanoemulsion of Syzygiumaromaticum and Thymus vulgaris essential oils via the intranasal route. The result indicated the maximum inhibition of multi-drug resistance bacterias upon intranasal administration. Therefore, this study focuses to highlight the potential of intranasal delivery in the optimization of CNS infections and the prevention of antibiotic resistance.

Brain tumours are the most lethal type of cancer, which is difficult to manage due to the inherent suboptimal bioavailability of the chemotherapy agent at tumour sites, consequent of high levels of protection of physiological blood-brain barrier (BBB), blood tumour barrier (BTB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (CSF). Improving the permeability of these barriers would enhance the disease's clinical prognosis and promote patients' quality of life. To this end, scientists have conducted several studies to determine the most suitable route for CNS delivery. Most of which show that the nose-to-brain is proposed to be the most convenient, efficacious and clinically beneficial non-invasive means of delivering chemotherapeutic agents directly to the brain. Therefore, this study compares the therapeutic benefits of intranasal and other conventional brain delivery systems and further evaluates the clinical benefits of using different nanocarriers for brain tumour targeting. However, we surveyed the literature by conducting an in-depth search of the research keywords and their combinations in recognized scientific databases, primarily Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Research Gate. Our findings have shown that the nose-to-brain delivery of chemotherapeutics is a breakthrough in bypassing the effects of BBB, BTB, and CSF barriers, improving the delivery of drugs to the brain for specific tumour targeting with desired clinical prognosis.