Due to the construction of dams in upstream countries and the usage of surface irrigation systems, Iraq has been experiencing a water shortage. Due to population increase and the expansion of the industrial and agricultural sectors, the country is having difficulty keeping up with the rising demand for water. Many previous studies carried out to optimize the water resources management in Iraq over the two decades using Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) modeling considering various aspects and different water resources throughout Iraq provinces. This study aims to find out if the WEAP modeling is reliable to optimize water resources management, fourteen previous studies were reviewed to figure out the fields they focused on, the study limitations, and the obtained results. It was found that the WEAP model is reliable for assessing, planning, and optimization of water resources management.
In this study have followed the oils and grease in Tigris River within Baghdad city during the period 2010-2015 by using ArcGIS 10.2 program. Two satellite image of each year were used which were taken in as same time as collected samples and painted the mapping which show the locations of pollution the river by oil and grease. This study showed the Tigris river is pollution by the oil and grease, and the values were up limit allowable depend on the world health organization (who) and Iraqi criteria.
The influence of concrete mixing water quality on the compressive strength of concretes was investigated in this study. During the study, the compressive strength (CS) of the concretes was determined at 7, 14, and 28 days age. This study used 8 types of water of varying qualities as concrete mixing water (water with 71 UTN impurity level, water with 250 UTN impurity level, water with 1000 UTN impurity level, well-sourced water, acidified water, and alkaline water). Potable water was used as reference water. The results indicated that the lowest CS has been obtained by using alkaline water at a concrete age of 7 days while the usage of water with 250 UTN impurity level as a concrete mixing water yielded the highest CS. in addition, the lowest CS has been obtained when using a mixing water of alkaline at a concrete age of 14 days while the highest CS resulted from using water with 71 and 250 UTN impurities levels. Furthermore, the usage of water with 71 UTN impurities level and an acidic water as a concrete water mixing gave the lowest CS at twenty eight days concrete age, while using magnetic water and water with 250 UTN impurities as concrete mixing water resulted in the highest CS. The use of water with 250 UTN impurities as concrete mixing water favored CS development at all concrete ages. These obtained results have shown a various effects of different impurities which significantly indicate that only a few water impurities affect the concrete's CS seriously..
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