No abstract

Outbreaks of hospital-acquired infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are being recognized with increasing frequency in the United States. Two thirds of outbreaks have been centered in critical care units. Infected and colonized inpatients appear to be the major institutional reservoir, and transient carriage on the hands of hospital personnel appears to be the most important mechanism of serial patient-to-patient transmission. In over 85% of hospitals into which they have been introduced, methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus have become established as endemic nosocomial pathogens. A program designed to control a widespread outbreak in a university hospital used three surveillance methods to identify the major institutional reservoir of colonized and infected inpatients. Daily clinical laboratory surveillance, monthly prospective microbiology surveys of high-risk inpatients, and the recognition of previously infected 38%, 31%, and 31% of new cases, respectively. After control measures were instituted, the prevalence (p less than 0.001) and the number of acquisitions (p less than 0.002) of methicillin-resistant S. aureus declined over a 12-month period.

Phenolic compounds are highly valuable products that remain trapped in grape pomace, an abundant winery by-product. Therefore, efficient extraction procedures of these compounds represent a route for grape pomace valorisation. Here we performed a screening of the factors affecting the aqueous enzymatic extraction of phenolic compounds from Syrah grape pomace, including the following independent variables: temperature, pH, pectinase, cellulase and tannase; and a subsequent optimization through response surface methodology. At the optimal region, the enzymatic treatment enhanced the extraction yield of phenolics by up to 66 % and its antioxidant capacity by up to 80 %, reducing the incubation time and enzyme doses in respect to previous studies. We found that tannase raises the antioxidant capacity of the extract by the liberation of gallic acid, while cellulose favours the liberation of p-coumaric acid and malvidin-3-O-glucoside.We also tested the procedure in different grape pomace varieties, verifying its wide applicability.

para reducir la astringencia del vino tinto, conservando sus propiedades terapéuticas". Becas: 2017 Beca ELAP para realizar una pasantía de investigación y desarrollo en Quebec, Canadá, dentro del Centro de Agua, Tierra y Medio Ambiente (INRS-ETE).2015 Beca CONICET tipo I para desarrollar investigación durante 5 años en marco de un doctorado.