(15 and 2.5%, respectively, p <0.001, for the former; 32.4 and 1.7%, respectively, p <0.001, for the latter). Conclusions: In this series, one third of microcarcinomas were multifocal and 10% had lymph node involvement. Therefore, the aggressiveness of these tumors is higher than what is reported in the literature and they should be treated with total thyroidectomy (Rev Méd Chile 2005; 133: 1305-10).
; mientras que el traumatismo craneofacial (TCF) se describe como aquel que afecta al complejo dentoalveolar, tejidos blandos y óseos craneofaciales. Esto puede ocurrir de manera aislada o concomitante a otras lesiones graves del organismo, especialmente con las de la región intracraneana y/o cervical 2 . La etiología del TCF difiere entre países por razones culturales, sociales y factores ambientales. Las principales causas registradas en todo el mundo corresponden a caídas, accidentes de tránsito, accidentes deportivos y violencia interpersonal [3][4][5][6] . Esta distribución etiológica tiene principal relevancia al afectar al grupo etario joven, generando importante impacto social.La región maxilofacial contiene estructuras esenciales para la vida; un traumatismo puede generar una amenaza vital debido a compromiso de la vía aérea, lesiones intracraneales o hemorragias, y generar importantes secuelas visuales, déficit funcional y estético a largo plazo. Es fundamental la evaluación y manejo temprano de estas patologías con el fin de reducir la morbimortalidad y evitar la necesidad de reconstrucciones complejas posteriormente 7,8 . Este artículo tiene por objetivo presentar una revisión de la literatura, enfocándose en el triage, evaluación y manejo de urgencias maxilofaciales.
Mortalidad del traumaEn el año 1983, el Dr. Donald Trunkey describió que las muertes por trauma presentan una distribución trimodal. Dentro de los primeros 60 min se presenta el primer peak, que incluye las muertes inmediatas o muy tempranas, representando aproximadamente 45% de todas las muertes por trauma (asociadas principalmente a traumatismos cerebrales graves o del sistema cardiovascular). El
Primary hyperparathyroidism. Surgical treatment Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (HPTP) is the most common cause of hypercalcaemia in the ambulatory setting. This condition affects between 0.1-2% of the population. Surgery is the only curative treatment. Objective: The aim of the study is to present our 10-year surgical experience. Methods: Analyticaldescriptive study. We included all patients diagnosed with HPTP treated with surgery in our hospital between June 2003 and June 2013. Results: 173 patients underwent surgery for HPTP. The mean age was 57.5 ± 13.5 years. Asymptomatic in 98 cases (56.6%). Resection the abnormal parathyroid glands was performed in all cases with intraoperative PTH monitoring. In 167 patients (96.5%) intraoperative PTH declined ≥ 50%. The median follow-up was 61 months (1-117 months). Cure was achieved in 169 patients (97.7%). Four cases (2.3%) had recurrence. Conclusions: Surgery is effective and safe for the treatment of HPTP. A decline in intraoperative PTH ≥ 50% predicts cure in 97.7% of cases.
Multiglandular primary hyperparathyroidism with a hyperfunctional intrathyroid gland. Case reportWe report a 56 years old female, admitted to the hospital for the study of general weakness, constipation, a recent radial fracture, hypercalcemia of 18 mg/dl, hypophosphatemia of 1.2 meq/dl and a serum parathormone (PTH) of 995 pg/ml. A thyroid ultrasound disclosed a nodule of 6 cm diameter. Following emergency management and normalization of the hypercalcemia, that patient was subjected to a total thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy. The pathological study of the surgical piece showed a multiglandular hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands. One of these was located inside the left thyroid lobe.Key words: Hyperparathyroidism, parathyroid hyperplasia, hypercalcemia.
ResumenSe presenta el caso de una paciente de 56 años que ingresó al hospital por una historia caracterizada por decaimiento, constipación, fractura reciente de radio, hipercalcemia de 18 mg/dl, hipofosfemia de 1,2 meq/ dl y elevación de paratohormona de 995 pg/ml. Además, presentaba un nódulo tiroídeo de 6 cm. Posterior al tratamiento médico de la hipercalcemia, se realizó el tratamiento quirúrgico con el diagnóstico defi nitivo de hiperplasia paratiroídea multiglandular con una de ellas en ubicación intratiroídea.Palabras clave: Hiperparatiroidismo primario, paratiroides intratiroídeo.
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