Purpose This study aims to contribute to a better understanding of organizational strategies, attitudes and supports that can help people with intellectual disabilities to access competitive jobs through supported employment. Design/methodology/approach A multiple case study was carried out based on an intentional sampling involving the coworker mentors of six people with intellectual disabilities currently working in standardized environments. Semi-structured interviews were performed with the participants, and an inductive thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Findings The study identified five critical factors in the work of people with intellectual disabilities in standardized work environments, which potentially could act as facilitators or as obstacles, depending on how they were managed. The study also identified two key factors that acted mainly as facilitators and one as an obstacle. Originality/value The study reveals the existence of factors that sometimes act as facilitators and sometimes as obstacles, depending on how they are managed by the company leaders or the disabled worker himself.

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En la presente investigación hemos estudiado las primeras manifestaciones de metalenguaje en el contexto de interacciones comunicativas naturales (adulto/niño, niño/niño) y analizado las funciones que cumplen. Discutimos primero las condiciones psicológicas que diversos autores exigen a las mentes para que los niños profieran enunciados metalingüísticos. Nuestro trabajo de corte transversal con niños de edades entre 3 y 8 años, nos ha llevado a establecer un sistema de categorías de metalenguaje infantil. Luego de analizar sus correlaciones con la edad y entre sí, ha sido posible ordenar esas categorías en relación con su emergencia. De este modo se ha obtenido un panorama del desarrollo de las capacidades metalingüísticas en los niños lo que supone un avance en este campo todavía poco explorado.

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