Introduction. Portal vein (PV) thrombosis (PVT) is a partial or a complete obstruction of blood flow as a result of a thrombus mass in the lumen of PV. In the acute phase, the symptoms are unspecific such as right upper quadrant pain, nausea and fever. Diversity of subacute and chronic symptoms are associated with complications related to PVT and portal hypertension. Case report. We are presenting a case of a 50-year-old female who was admitted in hospital due to acute abdominal cramping pain. The pain lasted for 15 to 20 minutes, and was followed by defecation of normal stool and haematochezia in three occasions. The abdominal pain returned in several hours, again followed by haematochezia and tenesmuses every 10 minutes. After admission a colonoscopy was performed that determined vulnerable, erythematous mucosa of the colon with contact bleeding from lienal flexure to rectosigmoid junction. During the colonoscopy, a biopsy was performed. A computer tomography (CT) scan revealed partial PVT, thrombosis of intrahepatic branches of PV and thrombosis of the inferior mesenteric vein. After conservative treatment with low molecular weight heparin (LWMH), and other supportive measures the digestive bleeding ceased, and defecation became normal. During one month follow up a patient has had no complications and control CT scan revealed normal PV flow without thrombosis. Conclusion: Although is a rare, a non-malignant and non-cirrhotic PVT in differential diagnosis should not be neglected because timely and vigilant therapy with LWMH can lead to complete resolution without serious complication.

Background/Aim.Since 2014 and the publication of the results of the first study on the accumulation of gadolinium contrast, we have witnessed a growing body of evidence on the deposition and retention of gadolinium in the brain after the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs). However, there is still no strong clinical evidence of the adverse effects of GBCAs on the brain. The aim of the study was to determine the existence of gadolinium deposits in the brain of patients with realpsing-remiting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS), after a 10-year follow-up period. During this period the patients have regularly,each year, undergone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the administration of gadolinium contrast (gadopentetate dimeglumine - Magnevist?) in order to follow the course of the disease. Methods. A cohort of 20 patients was formed for the aim of this study. The ratio of the values of the signal intensity (SI) of different regions of the brain-to- cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was compared , for each patient, on the initial MRI examination, and on MRI examination 10 years later . Results. Frontal cortex -to-CSF (p<0.01), occipital cortex-to-CSF (p <0.01), the white matter of the radial corona-to-CSF (p <0.01), parietal cortex-to-CSF (p <0.05), thalamus-to-CSF (p = 0.051), putamen-to-CSF (p =0.06), and anterior and posterior limb of the capsula interna -to-CSF (p=0.062) SI ratios increased after multiple gadopentetate administrations. Conclusion. In the cohort of 20 patients there was a statistically significant increase in SI in the pre-contrast T1W sequence in the following structures: frontal, parietal, and occipital cortex, as well as supratentorial white matter. An increase in the absolute values of the T1W signal in ? patients was registered in the frontal and occipital cortex and cerebellar hemispheres. Slightly less, but more than 55-65% of increase in SI was registered in structures of the parietal cortex, putamen, cornu anterior and posterior of the capsule interna, corpus callosum (CC) splenium, pons, thalamus, nucleus caudatus (NC), substantia nigra (SN), CC genu and temporal cortex.This result speaks in favor of the existence of chronic accumulation of gadolinium contrast agent gadopentetate dimeglumine, in brain structures.