No abstract

Existing technical means for loading silos with grain material do not fully meet the needs of production. The issue related to grain injury remains urgent, which predetermines the need to design a gravitational loader of another principle of operation with the appropriate theoretical justification for the movement of grain material in it. This paper has presented and substantiated the model of the gravitational movement of grain in the peripheral open screw channel with two variable angles of inclination. The model is based on the system of forces in the cylindrical coordinate system, acting on the volume of grain flow in the peripheral screw channel. The grain speed at the end of the braking section of the channel should be as low as possible but not less than the initial flow rate at the beginning of the acceleration section. The model takes into consideration this condition and ensures the optimal passage of grain along any part of the channel. The reported model makes it possible to obtain the speed of grain movement at any time, takes into consideration the height of the bunker hole and the dependence between the angles of inclination of the spirals of acceleration and brake sections. A mathematical dependence is given for these angles that ensures the passage of grain without its discharge and, at the same time, prevents injury to the grain mass due to a controlled decrease in the resulting speed. A separate dependence is provided to find the time at which the grain increases its speed on the acceleration section, reaching the maximum value. Based on the model, a peripheral open screw channel with two angles of inclination of spirals α and β has been proposed. For this channel, the relationships between its key parameters have been established, in particular, values have been substantiated for the recommended angles of 41°…45° for the acceleration section and 39°…35° for the brake section, respectively, as well as the hо/r ratio not less than 0.6...0.7.

No abstract

Getting high-quality trusts in modern technology for growing technical hemp is one of the most labor-intensive processes. The main factors that cause loss of quality of hemp are determined by the level of perfection of the harvesting stage of the production process. It is precisely at this stage that the basic processes of product quality management are concentrated, the main physical and technological losses are taking place. The main drawbacks of the known methods of obtaining the trusts of technical hemp include the dependence of the process of forming its qualitative indicators on weather conditions, the unevenness of the separation and strength of the fiber on the entire mass of the sent layer, the length of the technological process, which determines the quantitative loss of production.

The theoretical calculations carried out by the authors made it possible to establish the stability conditions for a tricycle tractor on the slope of the field. The research methodology was based on a theoretical solution of a static problem and the establishment of stability of a tricycle tractor depending on its layout and the angle of the field to the horizon. The layout of the tricycle tractor, which has one steerable wheel in front and two wheels in the rear, is considered. The conditions of the steady state of the tractor for the selected scheme are determined. The stability of the tractor will be ensured when the vertical line lowered down from its center of gravity crosses the surface inside the supporting quadrilateral. The surface of the supporting quadrilateral is formed as a result of connecting the outer points of the wheels. The dependence of the influence of the rim width and the wheel radius on the maximum angle of inclination of the tractor with one front wheel is established.The scientific problems posed in the work are solved in the developed theoretical bases for determining the stability conditions of a tricycle tractor. The theoretical foundations have been developed taking into account the layout of the tractor and the angle of inclination of the field to the horizon. The dependencies of the maximum angle of inclination of the tractor were theoretically determined, which made it possible to establish the conditions for its safe operation. The scientific background for increasing the safe operating conditions of tricycle tractors has been further developed.