No abstract

The paper analyzes the advanced technologies of wastewater treatment with a high content of organic pollutants and ammonium ions. Two different bi-stage scenarios for the treatment of such effluents are proposed. The first scenario includes the pretreatment in aerated lagoons and the final stage at the wastewater treatment plants after appropriate dilution with municipal sewages. The second scenario also includes the first stage in aerated lagoons with a tertiary treatment at the plant for cyanobacteria cultivation with the use of obtained biomass for biofuels production. The effects of the aeration periodicity on the leachate treatment efficiency and also on the composition of microbiocenosis in the aerated lagoons were investigated. The leachates of the Lviv landfill of municipal solid waste (MSW) were used in experimental investigations. The Lviv landfill of MSW was used for domestic and industrial wastes deposition for almost six decades, since the 1960s. It was found that the highest effect of ammoniacal nitrogen removal was obtained in the mode of periodic aeration, with the cycle duration of two hours including the one-hour aeration. It was found that the microorganisms extracted from the leachates of the Lviv MSW landfill are prospective for the new biotechnologies of treatment of the highly concentrated wastewaters, since this microbiocenosis is resistant to the widespread pollutants, in particular to heavy metal ions.

No abstract

The mechanism of conductivity of natural ion exchangers and resin KU-2 in ammonium and chlorine ions. On the basis of experimental data obtained dependence for pure solution and ionit-solution systems allowed to set the concentration of isoconductive solution (in which the concentration of electrical conductivity of the solution is the same as in the ionic). The method of measuring of resistance of a layer of grains of granulated ionite after removal of equilibrium solution by centrifugation is suggested. On the basis of experimental studies the types membrane backfill and determined the optimal modes of implementation of electrodialysis in the cell with membranous backfilling. The conducted researches give the possibility to implement the principle model approach to describe the conductive properties of ion-exchange materials and its experimental verification. The mathematical model of the conductivity of ion-exchange resins and columns, which combines the theoretical approaches of three wired and microheterogeneous model. To check the adequacy of the developed model was investigated the electrical conductivity of synthetic and natural ion exchangers materials, as well as columns of these materials in solutions of different salts. This has allowed us to develop a model to describe the electrical conductivity of ion-exchange materials and to measure the proportion of current which flows through the gel, solution and a mixed channel conductivity in an ion-exchange system containing two-chargers ions. The algorithm of calculation of physical-chemical parameters of water purification process by electrodialysis with ionite membranes with use of ionization in the form of granules, as a intermembrane backfilling. The use of the obtained results will predict parameters of process of ion-exchange purification of model solutions of wastewater and multicomponent industrial solutions.

No abstract