Microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured SS316L has been investigated. The samples produced by selective electron beam melting machine were then subjected to gas tungsten arc welding. Various examinations were performed including metallography and microscopy, hardness testing, and tensile testing coupled with digital image correlation software. Strain distribution was clearly evident on the samples during tensile testing with necking taking place at the heat affected zone on both sides of the weldments. From tensile testing, it was clear that the ductility and strengths of the samples were equal to those of conventionally produced samples such as rolled sheet. Hardness testing indicated the uniform distribution across the base metal and the weldments. Scanning electron microscopy identified the presence of Cr and Mo-rich precipitates on the grain boundaries, while the fracture surface was entirely covered with dimples (microvoid coalescence) indicating a ductile fracture mode. KeywordsSS316L • Additive manufacturing (AM) • Electron beam melting (EBM) • Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) • Digital image correlation • Strain distribution

Jatropha curcas oil is a seed oil or bio-oil, which has advantages compared to others plant’s seed-oil.  The advantage of this oil is due to the fact that Jatropha oil does not compete with the food sector. In this research, the potential carrier oil testing was conducted to seek a way in improving the performance of Jatropha oil as lubricant oil, coolant or biodiesel. For this purpose, Jatropha oil was mixed with the other carrier oils in the variation of 0 – 45 %. Each variation was tested to obtain kinematic viscosity and density values. The results of this research was the carrier oils has the potential to be used as the mixing material since it can improve the physical properties of Jatropha oil, before the next process. Kinematic viscosity and density of Jatropha oil decreases as more percentage of mixed carrier oil was added.

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Depletion of fossil fuels and greenhouse gases is an essential issue in the development of the automotive industry. From the design stage, material selection becomes the most crucial factor. Therefore, this article discusses the development of lightweight automotive materials for increasing fuel efficiency and reducing carbon emissions. Material reliability is assessed by how much weight reduction can be achieved, production costs, safety and durability. Ferro materials (mild steel, High Strength Steel, and Advanced High Strength Steel), non-ferrous (aluminium and magnesium alloy), and Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) have been proven to reduce the total weight of vehicles up to 12.6%. Confirmation of statistical data from the literature illustrates the possibility of using lightweight material to achieve zero CO2 emission. In addition, the 12.6% weight reduction still meets the vehicle safety factor.

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