It is imperative to increase the value-added of mineral product, especially nickel, as mandated in Law Number 4 of 2009. This law forces government and industry to optimize the added value in this country. The importing countries that perform further processing obtain most benefit from this value added. This creates an opportunity to optimize the value-added products in this country. This research aims to map supply chains along with their product flows and their relation to problem identification, to analyze product development in the supply chain, to analyze the performance of the industrial chain and its impacts on the national economy. Thus, efforts to increase the backward and forward linkages of nickel industry through value-added improvement program, as mandated in the law can be run according to plan. The research approaches were undertaken through direct and indirect surveys. From the results, there is an interrelated success between the value-added improvement policy from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and the downstreaming policy from the Ministry of Industry. This is indicated by a continuous product flow. By 2020, an estimated 71.7 million tons of nickel ore will be absorbed entirely by smelter of processing and refining in the country. Then the products generated by these smelters will be absorbed by approximately 24% by the domestic stainless steel industry. The contribution to the national economy can boost Gross Domestic Product by approximately 0.

ABSTRAKPeningkatan nilai tambah (PNT) sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam UU RI No. 4/2009, bertujuan untuk memberikan keuntungan bagi seluruh pemangku kepentingan, baik bagi perusahaan tambang, industri hilir, masyarakat dan pemerintah. Potensi pasar produk olahan berbasis besi baja baik secara global maupun nasional, belum bisa dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Kebutuhan domestik masih banyak yang dipenuhi dari impor, upaya pengolahan dan pemurnian bijih besi di dalam negeri masih menghadapi permasalahan sehingga masih banyak mata rantai industri hulu-hilir yang terputus. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan rantai pasokan beserta aliran produknya dan kaitannya dengan identifikasi permasalahan, menganalisis perkembangan produk dalam rantai nilai, menganalisis kinerja rantai industri, serta dampaknya terhadap perekonomian nasional. Dengan demikian upaya peningkatan keterkaitan industri hulu dan hilir besi baja melalui program PNT, sebagaimana yang diamanatkan dalam UU No.4 Tahun 2009 dapat berjalan sebagaimana yang telah ditetapkan. Pendekatan penelitian dilakukan melalui survei langsung maupun tidak langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada rantai industri hulu, yaitu rantai pengolahan bijih besi menjadi sponge iron masih ada tantangan inovasi teknologi yang berbahan baku bijih besi berkadar rendah. Pada rantai industri hilir, yaitu rantai industri baja kasar/semi finished product perkembangannya mengandalkan bahan baku sponge iron impor. Apabila tantangan tersebut dapat diatasi dan investasi dapat terealisasi, maka pada 2020, diperkirakan akan tercipta total nilai ekonomi sekitar USD 15,632 miliar, nilai tambah USD 1,707 miliar, dan serapan tenaga kerja sekitar 90.898 orang. Kontribusi terhadap perekonomian nasional dapat mendongkrak Produk Domestik Bruto sekitar 0,203%.Kata kunci: Nilai tambah, rantai nilai, kebutuhan domestik, pengolahan dan pemurnian, keterkaitan hulu hilir. ABSTRACTIncrease in added value as mandated in Indosenia Law no. 4/2009, aims to provide benefits for all stakeholders, for mining companies, forward industry companies, the community and the government. The market potential of processed products based on iron both globally and nationally, can not be utilized optimally, domestic demand is still largely fulfilled from imports, processing and refining of iron ore in the country still faces problems, so there are still many backward-fordward linkages that are cut off. This research aims to map the supply chain along with the flow of its products and its relation to the identification of problems, analyze product development in the value chain, analyze the performance of the industrial chain, and its impact on the national economy. Thus efforts to increase the backward and forward linkages of industries through the PNT program, as mandated in Law No.4 of 2009 can be run as predetermined. The research approach is done either through direct or indirect survey. The results showed that in the upstream industrial chain of iron ore processing chain into sponge iron there is still a challenge of technologi...

As a volcanic country, Indonesia is rich in natural mineral resources. One of them is perlite that is spread across several provinces in Indonesia. One of the companies with a mining business permit (IUP) for perlite is CV Abdi Bersaudara, located at Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra Province. Perlite rock can be processed through comminution and heating method. Crushed perlite can be used as sandblasting, slag coagulant, source of silica, foundry and steel industry, special casting sand and metal finishing. Meanwhile, the expanded perlite is a product of heated perlite with a temperature of 700⁰C-900⁰C. This research aimed to investigate the characters of perlite and expanded perlite from West Sumatra. Qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted by laboratory experiments and testing, such as atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope (OM). Based on the results of this study, West Sumatera perlite can be used as adsorbents, filter media, filler materials and planting media applications.

ABSTRAK UU No 4 Tahun 2009 tentang Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara, mewajibkan Kontrak Karya danPemegang IUP tembaga untuk melakukan peningkatan nilai tambah melalui pengolahan dan pemurnian di dalam negeri. Kegiatan pengolahan dan pemurnian dapat dilakukan sendiri atau bekerjasama dengan pihak lain. Untuk mendukung implementasi kebijakan tersebut, perlu analisis teknoekonomi pengembangan mineral tembaga di Indonesia. Tujuan dari analisis teknoekonomi ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasar, nilai tambah dan strategi pengembangan mineral tembaga di Indonesia pada tataran global. Metode penelitian melalui cara survai dan analisis studio, menggunakan pendekatan statistika deskriptif, analisis trend, perhitungan nilai tambah dan analisis SWOT. Perkembangan produksi tembaga baik PT Freeport Indonesia maupun PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara cenderung menurun, hingga tahun 2014 total mencapai 1,684 juta ton. Dari jumlah tersebut 54,73% oleh PT Smelting Gresik diolah dan dimurnikan menjadi katoda tembaga sebanyak 246 ribu ton per tahun. Sekitar 42,97% produk tersebut diserap di dalam negeri. Gambaran dari pasar produk tembaga dan olahannya baik di dalam negeri maupun secara global cukup positif mendukung pengembangan smelter tembaga di Indonesia. Adapun nilai tambah smelter tembaga sekitar 1,74 kali lipat dari nilai bahan baku (konsentrat tembaga). Untuk mendorong bergulirnya program roadmap pembangunan smelter tembaga di dalam negeri, dibutuhkan kebijakan antara lain regulasi Domestic Market Obligation (DMO) Hulu dan DMO Hilir serta pembangunan infrastruktur antara lain pembangkit listrik.Kata kunci : teknoekonomi, kebijakan, pasar, nilai tambah, smelter tembaga. ABSTRACT Referring to the Law No. 4 of 2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining, oblige CoW and IUP copper in order to increase the added value through processing and refining of minerals in the country. Processing and refining activities can be carried out alone or in cooperation with other parties. In order to support the implementation of the policy toward increasing the added value of copper mineral in the country, it is necessary to technoeconomic analysis on Development of copper in Indonesia. The purpose of this techno-aconomic analysis is to determine the characterization of the market, added value and development strategies of copper mineral in

In the swimming pool there is a pump system that is useful for circulating water. Pumps in swimming pools can affect water quality. Dirty water will be cleaned by the filter and will be re-circulated to the swimming pool. The calculations that must be known are the volume of the swimming pool, pump power, flow rate, and the curve of the pump. In order for the selection of a swimming pool pump to be appropriate, the correct calculation must be made so that the pump can provide the best performance for a swimming pool with a volume of 67 cubic meters and is able to circulate swimming pool water 4 times during 12 working hours.