The article has questions from the background of the research as follows: how to protect consumers fintech transactions from financial technology companies? What are the innovations and challenges of the financial services authority in overseeing and issuing regulations related to fintech? The research method used is normative with the statute approach and conceptual approach. The technique of collection primary legal is carried out by collecting OJK regulations regarding fintech companies, and consumer protection. Meanwhile, the technique of collection secondary legal is the concept or theories related to the main issue complete with bibliography. The Results that found are the fintech companies must be registered in the financial services authority by obeying and implementing OJK regulations. Innovation that OJK did enact Supervisory Technology (Suptech) to develop the financial technology (fintech) corporate ecosystem that is included in the realm of Digital Financial Innovation (IKD) on the OJK portal with the name Gerbang Elektronik Sistem Informasi Keuangan Digital. OJK also established the Innovation Center or Fintech Center in 2018. Challenges OJK must face: fintech lending is to create a balance between increasing financial inclusion and risk management, improving people’s understanding of fintech services, infrastructure, cybersecurity and data protection for consumers and fintech must collect more consumer data so that the lending and borrowing process becomes more efficient and effective.

This study provides an overview of strengthening the merger of state-owned sharia banks, namely BNI Syariah, BSM, BRI Syariah which merged into Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI). The purpose of the study was to determine the legal arrangements for strengthening the merger of Islamic banks to become BSI and its impact on the stability of state finances during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method used in this study uses normative research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Primary sources of law use legal regulations related to mergers of banking institutions and secondary sources of law from several kinds of literature such as journals and books relating to the issues being discussed. Meanwhile, legal material analysis techniques are used descriptively. The result of the research is the strengthening of the merger of BUMN Islamic banks starting with the existence of an agreement that is outlined in the written form of an Islamic commercial bank merger agreement as regulated in several applicable legal regulations. The merger of Islamic commercial banks during a pandemic is the right step to maintain the country’s economic stability, as stated in Perpu No.1 / 2020 and POJK No.18 / POJK.03 / 2020. The impact of the merger of Islamic commercial banks, of course, has a positive impact, Indonesian Islamic banks can compete globally by prioritizing more complete services, wider coverage, and better capitalization. For the state, it is certainly a good thing that can be done by the Ministry of BUMN, by initiating the merger of 3 sharia-based state-owned subsidiaries (BNI Syariah, BSM, BRI Syariah) merging into PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia, Tbk. Keywords : Merger, Sharia Banks, Finance

Sistem transaksi jual beli konvensional dianggap sudah tidak mengakomodir keinginan konsumen untuk berbelanja dengan tidak harus keluar rumah atau gedung kantor, menggunakan sarana komputer atau handphone dan terhubung jaringan internet dengan membuka situs-situs belanja online yang kian menjamur memenuhi pangsa pasar, memudahkan transaksi jual beli secara e-commerce menjadi solusi bagi masyarakat. E-Commerce lahir berdasarkan kontrak jual beli yang terjadi secara elektronik antara penjual dan pembeli. Meskipun transaksi elektronik telah mengalami amandemen dalam perundang – undangannya yaitu Undang – Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, namun belum mengakomodir tentang syarat-syarat sahnya suatu kontrak elektronik secara khusus, E-commerce diatur dalam Undang – Undang Perdagangan, dan Peraturan Pemerintah serta Keputusan Menteri Perdagangan. Namun, prinsip dasar keberlakuan suatu kontrak di Indonesia mengacu pada Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata, sehingga dapat pula diterapkan pada kontrak elektronik. Transaksi jual beli E-commerce secara umum diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang perubahan atas Undang – Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik atau yang disingkat dengan ITE. Pasal 18 ayat 1 UU ITE menyebutkan bahwa kontrak elektronik harus memiliki kekuatan hukum yang sama dengan kontrak konvensional.Kata Kunci : Transaksi Jual Beli, E-commerce, Undang-undang

This study focuses on the legal certainty of the implementation of loans for mortgage rights which are the object of collateral in the form of money-valued objects when bad loan occurs, which are regulated in the main agreement as an effort to manifest the trust of creditors of banking institutions whose existence is highly sought after by the Indonesian people. The method used in this study focuses on the normative with the conceptual approach and statute approach. The results of this study indicate that Credit agreements must be considered by the bank as creditor and by the customer as the debtor, considering that credit agreements have a vital function in granting, managing, and managing the credit itself. The existence of a guarantee in a bank credit agreement is significant, namely as a means of legal protection for bank security in overcoming risks. There is a certainty that the debtor customer will pay off his loan. This is based on the explanation of Banking Laws, PBI, and POJK, which requires banks' caution as creditors for loans to debtors based on the belief in the debtor's ability to pay off his obligations as agreed in the agreement. The land is material security which is most in demand by banking institutions as security of mortgage rights. The use of land as a trusted and consumptive credit is based on the consideration of the safest land and has a relatively high sale value. The urgency of objects Securing mortgage rights as stipulated in the credit agreement cannot be separated from the guarantee itself. Credit guarantees are always stated in an additional agreement, namely the Collateral agreement. The need for funds by people or institutions provides credit by providing excellent services and providing legal protection for the parties in the transaction so that no one is harmed in the transaction. The state provides legal protection by stipulating legal regulation relating to credit so that banks as creditors have legal certainty in the process of executing credit collateral objects for optimal repayment. Mortgage Law states that creditors have full rights in executing debtor's collateral goods when bad loans do not have to go through litigation.

Beragam produk kendaraan yang ditawarkan oleh perusahaan motor dan mobil, telah memberikan ketertarikan masyarakat perkotaan untuk segera memiliki kendaraan yang menjadi idaman mereka. Barang mewah tersebut bukan lagi sesuatu yang aneh untuk dimiliki oleh mereka yang membutuhkan kendaraan guna mobilitas sehari-hari.  Munculnya produsen kendaraan tentu saja menjadi ladang bagi perusahaan leasing bekerja sama memberikan fasilitas kemudahan angsuran dengan biaya ringan kepada debitur yang hendak memiliki kendaraan namun terbatas keuangannya. Setelah proses perkreditan berlangsung, tidak jarang debitur malah lalai memenuhi kewajiban membayar angsuran tiap bulan sebagaimana perjanjian perusahaan leasing, sehingga perusahaan mau tidak mau harus menarik kendaraan debitur untuk melunasi angsurannya tersebut dengan bantuan debt-collector.