Doxorubicin, primary chemoteurapeutic agent used for breast cancer treatment, is known to have various side effects included multi drug resistance (MDR) phenomenon. Therefore, exploration of co-chemotherapeutic agent is important to be conducted in order to prevent MDR. Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) which contains active compounds brazilin and brazilein, is proven to have activity as anticancer. The aim of this study is to determine the potency of Caesalpinia sappan L. ethanolic extract (CEE) as co-chemotherapeutic agent of doxorubicin and its mechanism through apoptosis induction on T47D breast cancer cells. Caesalpinia sappan L. heartwood powder was macerated with ethanol 70%. The cytotoxic effect of CEE alone and its combination with doxorubicin was analyzed using MTT assay. Apoptosis assay was done by flowcytometry-annexin V method. CEE showed cytotoxic activity on T47D cells with IC50 value of 35 µg/ml, while combinatorial test showed that all of combination doses of CEE and doxorubicin gave synergistic effect. Flowcytometry-annexin V assay proved that treatment of CEE induced apoptosis of doxorubicin. Based on these results, we conclude that Caesalpinia sappan L. heartwood ethanolic extract is potential to be developed as co-chemotherapeutic agent of doxorubicin.

The chemopreventive was studied in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]nthracene divided into 5 group, 5 rats control diet group, administered with 0,5% CMC mg/kgBW and 1500 mg/kgBW until fifth wk to group 2 and group 3 750 mg/kgBW and group 5 was DMBA group. also administered in DMBA cont administration. Activity of inducing apoptosis was detected 750 mg/kgBW FLEE group resulted in 100% dead. Apoptotic cells would have have green flourescence detected by involved in apoptotic mechanism, we studied p53 expression using Imunohistochemistry (IHC). There was no difference results, FLEE has a potency as chemoprentive agent because its activity on inducing apoptosis in liver cancer with p53-independent pathway. extract needs to be explored by observing the expression of

The present study investigate the selectivity of heartwood of secang ethanolic extract (SEE) on T47D breast cancer cells, WiDr colon cancer cells, and HeLa cervical cancer cells, compared to Vero normal epithelial cells. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by using MTT assay with 24-hour treatment to get IC50 values. Selectivity was evaluated by using selectivity index (SI). SEE had a potent cytotoxic activity on T47D and WiDr cancer cells (IC50<100 µg/mL). IC50 value of HeLa cancer cells was observed on moderate cytotoxic (1003), while in HeLa cells is not selective (SI<3). This result indicating its potential of Caesalpinia sappan as a chemopreventive agent in cancer therapy.