Summary. This article describes the overview of crankshaft analysis of a medium speed diesel engine. Crankshaft analysis includes static analysis, crankshaft dynamics, bearing analysis, gear analysis, and stress & fatigue analysis, the latter being in main focus in this article. AVL Excite Power unit is used for multibody dynamics and Abaqus for finite element analysis.

Summary. Simulation of the gear train is an important part of the dynamic simulation of the power train of a medium speed diesel engine. In this paper, the advantages of dynamic gear wheel simulation as a part of the flexible multibody simulation of a complete power train are described. The simulation is performed using AVL EXCITE Power Unit.

Abstract. In the study of welfare state development, we find divergent approaches which assign differing weights to consensus and conflict as well as to various causal factors behind changes in social policy. This paper moves beyond the traditional concentration on social expenditures and tests the role of different causal factors by focussing instead on the development of social rights in the areas of workplace accidents, sickness, and unemployment insurance. Hypotheses derived from competing approaches are tested in relation to the relative development of social rights in these three policy areas and in relation to variation in social rights in accident insurance.

In this paper, two different commercial multibody dynamic (MBD) simulation software cases are studied. Due to the restrictions determined in the conditions of contract, the names of the software are not revealed, instead being called Software S and Software E. The central purpose of this research was to investigate the abilities of Software S in the simulation of a large engine, as a part of the strength analysis process. The abilities were studied by comparing the program with another, here called Software E, which is designed primarily for engine simulations. The capabilities of Software E have been proven after years of usage at Wärtsilä, resulting in its essential role in the strength analysis process today. The aim was to find the shortcomings and restrictions of Software S but also advantages it could bring to the strength analysis process for Wärtsilä. Similar simulation models were also built using both programs during this research. A 16-cylinder V-engine was selected as the subject because of its size in order to obtain further information about the behavior of the program when working with extensive model files. The components of the engine were flexible and were reduced FE models, also called super elements. The forces and contact situations that occur inside the engine were modeled using elements provided by the MBD programs. Different levels of detail of the modeling elements were used to obtain information about the flexibility of the program. The results obtained from time integrations were compared to ensure the similarity of both modeling elements used. Also, this paper reports the calculation times. In addition, a small-scale study was performed for Software S to clarify the effect of the modes used in time integrations towards results accuracy and calculation times. Simulation models were built successfully in both programs, and the results obtained correlated with each other on an adequate level. Significant differences appeared in the features and usability of the programs in general. The GUI of Software S is advanced and user-friendly, whereas Software E is not focused on these features. On the other hand, the modeling element library of Software E covers all of the required features related to large engine simulations, some of which Software S is lacking. This work can be used in assistance when considering buying new software for a company as well as when investigating new development areas that could be improved with new software.