The high demand for quality and nutritious foods is constantly growing. To provide the population with high-quality meat products, it is necessary to determine the impact of the components introduced into the feed ration, which have a negative and positive impact on the production of these products, and then develop and apply tools to improve their quality. The oil and fat industry is a potential source of production of high-quality feed products for various types of animal husbandry, since the composition of oil-containing raw materials contains all the necessary components for animal nutrition. The main objective of our study was to assess and predict the quality and safety of the use of vegetable fats (palm, sunflower, soybean, rapeseed and flaxseed oils) in the production of beef meat. It has been found that the additional inclusion of vegetable fats enhances the intensity of metabolic processes in the body and thereby contributes to an increase in meat productivity.
Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук (г. Оренбург) 2 Оренбургский государственный университет (г. Оренбург) Аннотация. Хром является эссенциальным элементом, способным улучшить продуктивность животных, качество туши, репродуктивную функцию и иммунитет животных. Целью исследования стала оценка воздействия хромосодержащих ультрадисперсных частиц (УДЧ) на морфофункциональные особенности организма цыплят-бройлеров для определения оптимальных концентраций для внесения в качестве кормовых добавок. Рассмотрено влияние хромосодержащих УДЧ (Cr 2 O 3) на ростовые, биохимические показатели организма и микробиологический статус кишечника на 5 группах цыплят-бройлеров «Арбор Айкрес». Установлено увеличение роста при добавлении в рацион 200 и 400 мкг/кг хромсодержащих УДЧ. УДЧ в виде кормовой добавки не вызывали окислительного стресса и стимулировали рост NOметаболитов в сыворотке крови до 18 % по сравнению с контролем (Р≤0,05). Уровень триглицеридов в крови бройлеров, получавших хромсодержащие УДЧ в дозе 100 и 400 мкг/кг, был выше на 61,6 % и 48,5 % в сравнении с контрольными значениями. Концентрация 50 мкг/кг способствовала снижению числа бифидобактерий и лактобактерий в помёте, при 100 мкг/кг-рост числа энтеробактерий, но уменьшение сальмонелл, при 200 мкг/кг, наоборот, рост численности стафиллококков, энтеробактерий, сальмонелл и одновременное уменьшение бифидо-и лактобактерий. Ключевые слова: хром, цыплята-бройлеры, кормление, биохимические показатели, метаболиты крови, микробиологический статус кишечника, рост. UDC 636.5:577.17 The effect of chromium-containing ultrafine particles on the morphofunctional characteristics of organism of broiler chickens
Biotechnological processes are becoming an important component of the world’s economy, including agro-industrial production. They are based on the use of biological objects such as plants, animals and microorganisms; biological processes, the effective management of which is the essence of biotechnology in the traditional and modern sense. Biotechnology provides groundbreaking approaches to improving animal health and livestock productivity. This improvement is possible by improving the use of high quality feed, as well as by increasing the efficiency of their use in the body. This problem can be solved by including vegetable oils in full-component diets, which are concentrated sources of energy for the body as a whole and give the feed certain taste and structure. The paper shows the positive effect of the additional introduction of vegetable oils (soybean and linseed ones) on increasing the productive qualities of beef cattle.
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