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Walnut is one of the main nut crops of world importance. Conservation and efficient use of genetic resources is one of the fundamental principles of breeding work. The most efficient way to work with genetic resources is to create core collections that include most of the genetic diversity with the least number of samples in the collection. There are several different approaches to the creation of core collections, differing in the criteria for the selection of characters and the number of samples in the collection. This article provides an overview of the most effective approaches to creating walnut core collections in southern Russia. Of course, both genetic and phenotypic diversity should be taken into account. Microsatellite markers or SNPs may be the most appropriate tools for assessing genetic diversity, depending on the objectives and sample sizes. The article also provides an overview of the most valuable traits from the point of view of walnut breeding in the North Caucasus.

The aim of this study is to find and use effective IRAP markers for DNA genotyping of representatives of sakura species (ornamental cherries). The work demonstrates the results of testing ISSR markers on the genotypes of the species P. serrulata. Also, based on the testing data, the selection of effective IRAP markers was carried out. The selected IRAP markers were used in the genetic analysis of 12 sakura genotypes.

Введение. На Северном Кавказе возрос интерес к орехоплодным культурам, в том числе к ореху грецкому как одной из наиболее ценных и востребованных орехоплодных культур [1-5]. Одним из научных центров, ведущих научно-исследовательские работы с орехом грецким, является Северо-Кавказский Федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия.