The paper examines the impact of oil price shocks on inflation, as well as the impact of the choice of the monetary policy regime on the strength of this influence. We used dynamic models on panel data for the countries of the world for 2000–2017. It is shown that the impact of changes in oil prices on inflation is carried out predominantly through the channel of exchange rate. The paper demonstrates the influence of the transition to inflation targeting on the nature of the relationship between oil price shocks and inflation. This effect is asymmetrical: during periods of rising oil prices, inflation targeting reduces the effect of the oil prices pass-through, limiting the negative effects of shock. During periods of decline in oil prices, this monetary policy regime, in contrast, contributes to a stronger pass-through, helping to reduce inflation.
В статье проводится сопоставление эффективности различных режимов денежно-кредитной политики с точки зрения контроля над инфляцией. Показано, что режим гибридного инфляционного таргетирования, сочетающий управление инфляцией в качестве основной цели и валютным курсом – в качестве дополнительной, позволяет добиться одновременно снижения волатильности и инфляции, и курса. Таким образом, он является предпочтительным по сравнению с режимом чистого инфляционного таргетирования для обеспечения стабильности финансовых условий развития экономики. Проверка гипотез осуществлялась посредством моделирования совместной динамики волатильностей инфляции, обменного курса и цен на нефть в VAR-модели. Оценки волатильностей были получены с помощью моделей EGARCH на месячных данных за период 1980-2021 гг. для цен на нефть, 1992-2021 гг. – для индекса потребительских цен, 1995-2021 гг. – для валютного курса.
The paper examines the impact of oil price shocks on inflation, as well as the impact of the choice of the monetary policy regime on the strength of this influence. We used dynamic models on panel data for the countries of the world for the period from 2000 to 2017. It is shown that mainly the impact of changes in oil prices on inflation is carried out through the channel of exchange rate. The paper demonstrates the influence of the transition to inflation targeting on the nature of the relationship between oil price shocks and inflation. This effect is asymmetrical: during periods of rising oil prices, inflation targeting reduces the effect of the transfer of oil prices, limiting negative effects of shock. During periods of decline in oil prices, this monetary policy regime, in contrast, contributes to a stronger transfer, helping to reduce inflation.
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