Abstrak ___________________________________________________________________ Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsi wujud pemertahanan fonologis dan leksikal serta faktor-faktor yang turut memengaruhi pemertahanan tersebut berdasarkan tuturan dari pengguna bahasa Jawa di Kabupaten Wonogiri serta merujuk pada hasil penelusuran prabahasanya. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini adalah leksikon serta sumber data penelitian ini adalah tuturan langsung dari informan atau pengguna bahasa Jawa di Kabupaten Wonogiri. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan 250 daftar tanyaan swadesh yang dikembangkan menjadi 755 tayaan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode simak dan cakap dengan teknik simak libat cakap, teknik rekam, dan teknik catat. Penggunaan metode cakap menggunakan teknik pancing dilanjukan dengan teknik cakap semuka, teknik rekam, dan teknik catat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode padan. Analisis data menggunakan metode padan dengan tekniknya yaitu teknik pilah unsur penentu sebagai teknik dasar dan teknik hubung banding sebagai teknik lanjut. Dalam menelusuri prabahasa menggunakan metode rekontruksi induktif dengan teknik recontruction buttom up dan menggunakan metode rekontruksi deduktif dengan teknik recontruction top down. Hasil analisis disajikan dengan formal. Dalam BJW ditemukan wujud pemertahanan fonem vokal leksikon ditemukan 117 leksikon yang masih dipertahankan dari 18 medan makna. Faktor yang turut memengaruhi pemertahanan tersebut yakni faktor penutur, geografi, dan budaya. Abstract __________________________________________________________________The purpose of this study is to describe the phonological and lexical forms of defense as well as the factors influencing the defense based on the speech of the Javanese language user in Wonogiri District and referring to the results of his pre-trial. This research approach using qualitative descriptive approach. The data of this research is lexicon and data source of this research is direct speech from informant or user of Java language in Wonogiri Regency. This research instrument uses 250 list of swadesh questionnaires developed into 755 celebrations. Collecting data using the method of referring and proficient with technically skilled involved, recording technique, and record technique. The use of skill method using the technique of fishing line is done with advanced skill technique, recording technique, and technique
AbstrakPenulisan artikel ini ditujukan untuk menjelaskan makna warna-warna yang ada dalam jenang mancawarna 'jenang banyak warna' . Jenang mancawarna atau yang juga dikenal dengan nama jenang pepak 'jenang lengkap' merupakan salah satu nama jenang dalam sesaji selamatan daur hidup masyarakat Jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan etnolinguistik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode observasi dan wawancara terhadap informan yang berdomisili di Kabupaten Wonogiri, Jawa Tengah. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa masyarakat Jawa memiliki pandangan mengenai multikulturalisme atau tergolong masyarakat yang multikulturalis karena empat warna dalam jenang tersebut memiliki makna semiotis antara lain bahwa seorang manusia hendaknya senantiasa menyadari dan menghargai perbedaan pemikiran para saudaranya yang berada di kiblat papat lima pancer 'empat arah mata angin: timur, barat, utara, dan selatan' . 'four directions: east, west, north, and south'. Article History
AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan makna semiotis nama-nama makanan dalam sesaji selamatan mitoni atau tingkeban. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa leksikon nama-nama makanan sesaji selamatan tingkeban di Dukuh Pelem, Watangrejo, Pracimantoro, Wonogiri. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan metode simak (observasi) dan cakap (wawancara). Analisis data dengan metode etnosains dengan menerapkan teori segi tiga makna. Penyajian hasil analisis dengan metode deskriptif formal dan informal. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, terdapat sembilan nama makanan dalam sesaji tingkeban, yaitu: tumpeng pitu, tumpeng bathok bolu, tumpeng playon, sega rogoh, sega gendhong, sega guyeng, jenang procot, jenang baro-baro, dan klapa gadhing. Nama-nama tersebut dapat diklasifikasi ke dalam empat kategori, yaitu tumpeng, sega, jenang, dan jajanan. Kedua, pada leksikon nama-nama makanan sesaji selamatan tingkeban tercermin pemikiran pelaku sesaji yang berisi pesan moral yang adiluhung, yaitu adanya harapan keselamatan dalam kehamilan yang telah mencapai usia tujuh bulan.Kata kunci: makna semiotis, nama makanan sesaji, selamatan tingkebanSEMIOTIC MEANINGS OF FOOD NAMES IN THE TINGKEBAN RITUAL IN DUKUH PELEM, WONOGIRI REGENCYAbstractThis study aims to describe the semiotic meanings of food names in the mitoni or tingkeban ritual. The research data are the lexicon of food names in the tingkeban ritual in Dukuh Pelem, Watangrejo, Pracimantoro, Wonogiri. The data were collected through observations and interviews. They were analyzed using the ethnoscience method by applying the theory on the triangle of meaning. The results of the analysis were presented by means of the formal and informal descriptive methods. The research findings are as follows. First, there are nine food names in the tingkeban ritual, i.e. tumpeng pitu, tumpeng bathok bolu, tumpeng playon, sega rogoh, sega gendhong, sega guyeng, jenang procot, jenang baro-baro, and klapa gadhing. The names can be classified into four categories, namely tumpeng, sega, jenang, and jajanan pasar. Second, the lexicon of the food names in the tingkeban ritual reflects the ritual participants’ cognition containing noble moral messages, namely the expectation of safety in the pregnancy that has reached the age of seven months.Keywords: semiotic meanings, ritual food names, tingkeban ritual
This study compares the process of forming plural words in Indonesian and Arabic to determine the similarities and differences in the markers of the two languages’ plural meaning through contrastive analysis studies. The data in this study are fragments of speech that are thought to contain plural meaning. They are taken from the source of data in the form of speech that contains plural meanings in the two languages’ books. The data are analyzed using the split method with the Direct Element Dividing technique and the equivalent method using the Determination Element Determination technique. This study indicates that the formation of plural languages in Indonesian and Arabic has similarities and differences in rules. The equation includes the addition of affixes, numeral, plural lexical meanings, and changes in pronouns. The differences in the rules of the formation of plural words of Indonesian and Arabic include reduplication, internal modification, the existence of dualistic forms, gender differences in words, case differences, and subject-predicate relationships.
Javanese and Sundanese languages on the border of Central and West Java are unique, especially in Brebes district. Most of the residents of Brebes Regency on the border cannot use Javanese but are able to win the Sundanese. The purpose of this study was to analyze Javanese and Sundanese in Brebes in the Javanese-Sundanese border region. This research is a descriptive qualitative type. The method used is the technique refer to and note. The results showed that the Javanese dialect in the area had lexicon distribution in Sirampog, Paguyangan, Bumiayu, and Tonjong. While the distribution of Sundanese languages is in the district of Salem. An important finding of this study, namely the distribution of lexicons in Javanese or Sundanese languages, is available in Bantarkawung sub-district.
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