Abstract. Musa M, Lusiana ED, Buwono NR, Arsad S, Mahmudi M. 2020. The effectiveness of silvofishery system in water treatment in intensive whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) ponds, Probolinggo District, East Java Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4695-4701. Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a popular aquaculture species in Indonesia due to its high market demand. It requires excellent water quality to ensure its growth rate and production. Therefore, intensive culture system is considered. However, the system threatens the sustainability of the adjacent environment and thus proper water treatment is necessary to increase the quality of water used in shrimp farming as well as the wastewater it produces. In this study, we explored the use of a silvofishery system that integrates mangroves into a pond as a potential solution to this issue. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the silvofishery system at treating water inputs and effluents of a whiteleg shrimp pond in Probolinggo District, East Java, Indonesia. Eight physicochemical water quality parameters and a phytoplankton community at four sampling sites during neap tide period were examined in this study. The effectiveness of the silvofishery system in increasing water quality was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), while the diversity of phytoplankton for biomonitoring was measured with the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’). The results showed that the mangrove effectively increased the quality of the water supply and wastewater in the intensive whiteleg shrimp pond-especially in terms of nutrient removal-as well as the biodiversity of its phytoplankton community. Other parameters such as TOM and ammonia also decreased, though this was not statistically proven.

Abstract. Asyiah IN, Mudakir I, Hoesain M, Pradana AP, Djunaidy A, Sari RF. 2020. Consortium of endophytic bacteria and rhizobacteria effectively suppresses the population of Pratylenchus coffeae and promotes the growth of Robusta coffee. Biodiversitas 21: 4702-4708. Pratylenchus coffeae as the coffee-parasitic nematode can cause a yield loss from 28.7% to 78.4% on Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora A. Froehner). Environmentally friendly and sustainable efforts can be made to control this nematode by applying the antagonistic agents from the bacterial group. The application of antagonistic agents in a consortium has a better effectivity than a single application. This study was aimed to identify the effectivity of the consortium of endophytic bacteria and rhizobacteria formulated on a cost-effective molasse medium against the P. coffeae population and growth of Robusta coffee in a greenhouse. A total of nine bacterial isolates of genus Bacillus and Pseudomonas were used during experiment. The formulation was prepared by mixing the bacterial suspension and 2% molasses with a ratio of 1:1 (v/v). The greenhouse assay was performed following the completely randomized block design pattern with five treatments and five replications. Robusta coffee plant clone BP 936 was treated with a 10 mL (109 CFU mL-1) bacterial consortium mixture while control was treated with 10 mL sterilized water. Each plant was inoculated with P. coffeae 50 J2 after a week of bacterial consortium application. The result showed that all bacterial consortiums were effective in suppressing the population of P. coffeae in soil and root of Robusta coffee. All consortiums gave a better result than control in suppressing the population of P. coffeae. The best suppression of nematodes was shown by the Cst 02 consortium with the suppression value of 62.5% in the root and 76.1% in the coffee plant rhizosphere. The application of bacterial consortium increases the plant height (28.02-44.51%), number of leaves (127.27-168.18%), and leaf area (278.8-425.57%). In this study, suppression of P. coffeae population by bacterial consortium showed a positive correlation with plant growth. This study presents the information of endophytic bacteria and rhizobacteria consortium from Bacillus and Pseudomonas group that is effective in suppressing the population P. coffeae and improves the growth of Robusta coffee.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kolaboratif berbasis lesson study terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment (eksperimen semu). Teknik pengumpulan data meggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan post-test only control group design, pada kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen, subjek dipilih secara random yang sebelumnya dilakukan uji homogenitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran kolaboratif berbasis lesson study berpengaruh secara signifikan dengan probabilitas sebesar (p=0,000) terhadap berpikir krtitis siswa dengan rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis kelas eksperimen sebesar 72,56 (±10,16) sedangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis kelas kontrol sebesar 60,52 (±11,96). Berdasarkan analisis kriteria, kelas eksperimen memiliki kriteria kemampuan berpikir kritis tinggi sedangkan kelas kontrol memiliki kriteria kemampuan berpikir kritis rendah.   Kata Kunci: pembelajaran kolaboratif, lesson study, berpikir kritis.

Various efforts must be made by the government in the education sector in the 21st century and industrial era 4.0 so that students have the life skills needed is to implement integrated education starting from the family, school and community environment through literacy cultural habituation. Several studies have shown low attainment of scientific literacy. A high level of scientific literacy can improve the quality of education so that it can compete with other countries. This study aims to describe the level of scientific literacy of high school students in East Java. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The data collection technique was in the form of a written test. The research variable is the science literacy ability of high school students in the content aspect. Samples were taken using purposive sampling. Overall, the average percentage of the results of high school students’ scientific literacy skills in East Java based on the aspect of science content is in the low category. The level of students’ understanding of basic science concepts is still low or weak, so that students are less able to apply and interpret data, even though the form of the problem is simple. The cause of the low ability of students is in expressing the content of the discourse given and interpreting the data in the form of pictures, tables, diagrams and other forms of presentation. In addition, there are limitations to the students’ ability to express thoughts in written form, reasoning skills, reading accuracy is still low, and students are not used to connecting information in the form of text and then expressing it in the form of new expressions to answer given test questions.

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