Patient no-shows are long-standing issues affecting resource utilization and posing risks to the quality of healthcare services. They also lead to loss of anticipated revenue, particularly in services where resources are expensive and in great demand. Methods: In order to address common reasons why patients miss appointments, this study reviews the current literature and investigates various tools and methods that have been implemented to mitigate such issues. Further, a case study is conducted to identify the rate of no-shows and underlying causes at a radiology department in one of the leading hospitals in the MENA region. Results: Our results show that the no-shows are high due to multiple factors, such as patient behavior, patients' financial situation, environmental factors and scheduling policy. Conclusion: In conclusion, we generate a list of recommendations that can help in reducing the rate of patient no-shows, such as patient education, application of dynamic scheduling policies and effective appointment reminder systems to patients.

Green buildings have become broadly adopted in commercial and residential sectors with the objective of minimizing environmental impacts through reductions in energy usage and water usage and, to a lesser extent, minimizing environmental disturbances from the building site. In this paper, we develop and discuss a techno-economic model for a green commercial building that is 100% powered by a photovoltaic (PV) system in stand-alone configuration. A medium-sized office building in El Paso, TX was modelled to rely on a photovoltaic system to supply all of its electricity needs either directly from the PV system or through an energy-storage system (ESS) using Li-ion batteries (LIBs) or reversible fuel cells (RFCs). Cost results show that a 400-kW PV system can generate electricity at a cost of 2.21 cents/kWh in El Paso, TX and the average levelized cost of energy storage (LCOS) using 450-kW RFC is ~31.3 cents/kWh, while this could reach as low as 25.5 cents/kWh using a small LIB ESS. While the RFC provides the flexibility required to meet building-energy demand, LIBs may not be able to meet building needs unless the storage size is increased substantially, which in turn incurs more energy-storage cost, making LIBs less favourable from an economic perspective. Sensitivity analysis revealed that capital cost, discount rate and expected system lifetime play key roles in shaping the LCOS in both systems.

This is a comparatively recent advancement in construction technology. This saves money in the construction process because it is light weight. The use of glass fiber to replace steel in reinforced concrete structures helps reduce corrosion and structural damage. Many alternatives have been investigated to increase concrete’s strength, durability, shrinkage characteristics, and serviceability while considering global environmental factors. As a consequence, glass fiber has been employed as an additive, and trials with various percentages of 1%, 2 %, and 3% cement have been carried out. When considering this material, concepts such as glass fiber, light weight, cost-effective, ecologically friendly, and compressive strength must be considered. GFRC is a cement matrix made up of cement, sand, water and admixtures, and contains short glass fibers. Facade panels, pipes and channels are examples of non-structural elements that have been extensively used. Light weight (which lowers dead load), fire resistance, an attractive appearance, and tensile strength are just a few of the benefits of GFRC. Trial tests for concrete with and without glass fiber are conducted using cubes, beams, and cylinders to measure the differences in compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength. Because glass fiber may be molded and sculpted in a number of ways, its demand is growing in India due to rising building activity and other causes. Compared to other reinforcing materials, it is a more affordable and cost-effective solution.