A survey of library use instruction programme and how it influences the pattern of utilization of library resources and services in the University of Calabar was carried out. The population of the study comprised undergraduate library users in the University of Calabar. Accidental sampling technique was used to select 320 respondents who constituted the sample of the study. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. Three hundred and twenty (320) questionnaires were administered to the respondents in the six units of Readers Services Division of the library within a period of 6 days. The data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics (simple percentage %). The study found out, among others that, the perception of the Library Use Instruction Programme by undergraduates in the University of Calabar was high, resulting to high level of patronage of the library: 84 respondents (26.3 %) agreed that the programme equips users to make independent use of the library while 80 respondents (25 %) acknowledge that the skills acquired from the programme aids users academic performance. 70 respondents (21.9) perceive the programme as a means of diversifying users' knowledge while 66 respondents (20.6%) noted that the programme is a source of empowerment in information search and retrieval in a library. This was attributed to the possession of basic Library Use skills by undergraduates which were acquired during the Library Use Instruction Programme. It was recommended in the study that the instructional programme should run for both first and second semesters and it should be an independent credit carrying course under the General Studies Programme of the University of Calabar.

The main thrust of this study was to examine the influence of socio-demographic characteristics and stress among librarians in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study examined the influence of age, sex, income level, marital status, educational qualification and family size on stress. To achieve this, six null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. A sample of 120 respondents was used for the study. The selection was done through purposive and accidental non probability sampling techniques. Questionnaire was the main instruments used for data collection. The instrument was faced validated by the supervisor and experts in measurement and evaluation who vetted the items developed. The reliability estimate of the instruments was established through the use of Cronbach Alpha reliability method. One-way analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and independent ttest analysis were the statistical techniques employed to test the hypotheses under study. Each hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance. The results of the analysis revealed that, age, income level and educational qualification significantly influence stress among librarians, while sex, marital status and family size had no significant influence on stress among librarians. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that librarians' salary should be improved and the working environment should be conducive. Librarians' job is not sex limited, as such, all who are educationally qualified and are of age should be employed for the services irrespective of marital status.

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The emergence of open access is one of the most significant changes to the world of scholarly publications since the migration from print to digital publishing began. Reports of some authors have demonstrated how libraries across the membership are changing, in response to a need for new services and an increasingly diverse client group. In order to contribute to the existing knowledge in the area of open access movement in libraries, this chapter discusses how the 21st century library provides a service that can open access to knowledge for the growth and development of communities they serve by highlighting the concept of open access and open content, roles of libraries in open access initiative as well as library collection development and open access. This chapter also sheds light on legal and ethical issues in open access and the future of open access in libraries.