Gigi imatur dengan nekrosis pulpa akibat trauma , karies atau pathosispulpa. Dimana pembentukan dentin terganggu dan perkembangan akarberhenti sehingga terjadi perubahan warna gigi. Mineral trioxideaggregate (MTA) adalah bahan alternatif yang dapat digunakan untukapeksifikasi apeks terbuka karena biokompatibilitasnya, nonmutagenisitas,non-neurotoksisitas, kemampuan regeneratif, dan sifatseal yang baik. Pada kasus ini penggunaan MTA sebagai plug apikal,pada gigi yang imature dengan apeks terbuka merupakan keputusanyang tepat. Tujuan dari laporan kasus ini adalah menjelaskanpenggunaan MTA sebagai apical pluq pada gigi insisivus lateralmaksila dengan diagnosis pulpa nekrosis dengan apeks terbuka dandilanjutkan bleaching internal. Seorang pasien pria 43 tahun yangdatang ke RSGM, Universitas Sumatera Utara dengan keluhan utamagigi yang berubah warna . Pemeriksaan radiografi menunjukkan apeksterbuka untuk gigi #12. Setelah cleaning and shapping dilakukan,kalsium hidroksida ditempatkan sebagai medikamen intracanal. MTAdiletakkan kedalam saluran akar dengan ketebalan 3-4 mmmenggunakan hand pluggers. Obturasi dengan gutta-perchatermoplastik. Penggunaan MTA telah banyak direkomendasikan untukkasus apeks terbuka. Karena memiliki apical seal yang baik,biokompatibilitas dan kemampuan regenerasi jaringan periodontal.Setelah di Follow up tidak adanya keluhan baik secara klinis maupunradiografi. Laporan kasus ini menunjukkan MTA sebagai bahanalternatif untuk apical plug pada metode konvensional apeksifikasi.
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) plays a role in the pathogenesis of dental root canal infections. Chitosan has antibacterial properties and a chelating agent in the tooth root canal and is biodegradable and non-toxic. They analyzed the irrigation response of Chitosan nanoparticles to the virulence properties of E. faecalis in the dental root canal. Examination of E. faecalis virulence properties was carried out with violet crystals to obtain biofilm inhibition strength, Gram staining to determine lysis and coagulation of bacterial cells, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to analyze the surface roughness of the tooth root canal. Chitosan nanoparticles combined with 2.5% NaOCl has a strong inhibition of the formation of E. faecalis biofilm, both based on the control group (p> 0.05; 0.088) and incubation time of 48 h and 72 h, also inhibitory power, which was better at 24 h (p> 0.05; 0.185) than the other groups. Irrigation solution of Chitosan nanoparticles combined with 2.5% NaOCl has better lysis and cell agglutination of E. faecalis bacteria compared to other groups, especially at all incubation times, based on the control group (p> 0.05; 0.104) and incubation time (p> 0.05; 0.580) can reduce the surface roughness of the dental root canal, but the impact of giving irrigation materials to each treatment group with the incubation time showed significant differences (p<0.05). The Chitosan nanoparticles solution as an irrigation material has a strong ability to suppress the formation of biofilms, coagulation, and lysis of E. faecalis cells and better reduce the walls' surface roughness dental root canal at 24 hours incubation time.
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