Bahasa figurative dalam puisi Kitab Amsal sangat kuat dengan simbol-simbol yang memperkenalkan hikmat dan pengajaran kepada pembaca, sebagai pedoman mengenai perilaku yang benar dan sikap-sikap penting terhadap hidup, yang dapat dijadikan sebagai spirit solidaritas dalam hidup bersama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan bahasa figuratif sebagai spirit solidaritas dalam Kitab Amsal yang ditemui dalam puisi-puisi Amsal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Analisis data menggunakan ancangan hermeneutik sehingga data dapat diinterpretasi dan dijelaskan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat wujud bahasa figuratif sebagai spirit solidaritas dalam Kitab Amsal, yakni (1) bahasa figuratif sebagai spirit solidaritas berpikir bijak dalam Kitab Amsal, (2) bahasa figuratif sebagai spirit solidaritas keteguhan hati dalam Kitab Amsal, dan (3) bahasa figuratif sebagai spirit solidaritas saling berbagi dalam Kitab Amsal. Pembahasan terhadap hasil penelitian dijelaskan sebagai berikut, (1) wujud bahasa figuratif sebagai spirit solidaritas berpikir bijak yang diungkapkan dalam simbol hidup solider antara lain, a) keikhlasan, b) ketulusan, dan c) kejujuran; (2) wujud bahasa figuratif sebagai spirit solidaritas dengan keteguhan hati yang diungkapkan dalam simbol bersolider antara lain, a) kerja sama, b) kesetiaan, c) ketekunan, dan d) kesadaran diri; dan (3) wujud bahasa figuratif sebagai spirit solidaritas dengan saling berbagi yang diungkapkan dalam simbol bersolider antara lain, a) tanggung jawab, b) kepedulian, c) kepekaan, dan d) kesabaran.

Writing poetry with the direct method is training given to students of SMPK Ratu Damai, sub-district of Waibalun, East Flores district to answer questions related to the implementation of the direct learning model in poetry writing training for class VII students of SMPK Ratu Damai, Waibalun sub-district, East Flores district. The purpose of this training activity is to describe the implementation of the direct learning model in poetry writing training for class VII SMPK Ratu Damai which can provide benefits for students, schools, and teachers. Writing skills can only be implemented through focused and continuous practice. To produce good writing requires continuous process and practice. The method of this training activity is carried out in a direct way which is carried out in stages. The first part begins with an explanation of the material and the second part is an exercise in writing poetry. This training is able to encourage enthusiasm, motivation, interest, and increase students' knowledge about poetry writing techniques with good results. The results of the poetry writing training in class VII SMPK Ratu Damai, Waibalun sub-district, East Flores district showed that students were skilled at writing poetry especially in choosing diction, figurative language, imagery, variety, and good typography.

This article aims to describe the exploration of NTT's culture in the novels by Gerson Poyk as one of the national writers, Angkatan `66. This NTT-born author writes novel literary works by raising cultural traditions as a characteristic, the identity of the NTT people, cultural traditions with the values ​​contained in them that are lived and preserved, although some have begun to disappear by the influence of modern culture. The uniqueness of Gerson Poyk is that he is able to raise the cultural background of NTT with its vast territory into his novels with a straightforward, expressive, and high aesthetic style of expression. Not only limited to cultural traditions but tourism development, agricultural cultivation, commercial crops, livestock, fisheries, handicrafts. Through a number of his novels, Gerson Poyk explores the culture that exists in the life of the people of NTT which can be used as a character of Indonesian culture. This research uses the theoretical basis of sociology of literature with the emphasis that the novel is actually a form of socio-historical embodiment, where novels can witness paintings of social and social reality. history, into a genre that is close to social phenomena. Using qualitative research methods in literature studies can describe, understand, and explain the exploration of NTT culture in the novel by Gerson Poyk. Exploration of NTT culture as a character of Indonesian culture in Gerson Poyk's novel, 1) exploring the cultural elements of the knowledge system towards the love of the NTT people to study, 2) exploring the cultural elements of the kinship and kinship system of the love of the NTT people to maintain relationships, 3) exploring the cultural elements of the system. livelihoods towards the love of the people of NTT doing work, 4) exploring the cultural elements of the religious system towards the love of the people of NTT in carrying out religious traditions, and 5) exploring elements of art culture towards the love of the people of NTT in the arts and culture.