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This work is focused on improvement in photocatalytic activity of anatase-TiO2 (a-TiO2) photocatalyst under visible-light irradiation by adding nitrogen-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) for depression of recombination rate between photoexcited electron and hole. The composites (a-TiO2/N-TiO2) were prepared by grinding in ethanol solvent at 200 rpm for 15 min with change in weight ratio of N-TiO2. In addition to the characterizations by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, measurements of existing singlet oxygen by chemiluminescens method and photocatalytic activity by using NO(x) decomposition were conducted. The increases in singlet oxygen and photocatalytic activity have been observed and the phenomena are discussed based on the efficient prevention of recombination between photoexcited electron and hole within the prepared composite.

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We have investigated the inhibitory effect of salmosin on integrin-mediated human tumour cell proliferation. SK-Mel-2 human melanoma cell adhesion to denatured collagen or vitronectin was found to be significantly and statistically inhibited by salmosin in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Moreover, the binding of SK-Mel-2 cells to salmosin-coated plates was specifically disrupted by anti-integrin alphav monoclonal antibody at 8 microg mL(-1), but not by anti-integrin monoclonal antibody. These findings indicated that salmosin inhibited the adhesion of SK-Mel-2 cells to denatured collagen by specifically blocking integrin alphav. The proliferation of SK-Mel-2 cells on a denatured collagen-coated plate was statistically and significantly inhibited by salmosin induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Anti-integrin alphav monoclonal antibody, anti-integrin alphavbeta3 monoclonal antibody, and synthetic RGD peptide also suppressed SK-Mel-2 cell proliferation. Several lines of experimental evidence strongly suggested that the inhibition of SK-Mel-2 cell proliferation by salmosin was due to the induction of apoptosis via the blocking of integrin alphav-mediated cell survival.

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