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Video SAR can identify changes in the region of interest and the path of targets through continuous observation of the region of interest and targets irrespective of the weather and day or night. Recently, as the complexity of the region of interest, such as urban areas, has increased, research is being conducted to use drones as payloads for video SAR. The satellite, an existing platform, uses information through multiple antennas, and the distance between the target and the platform is sufficiently far to approximate the speed of the target to detect the moving target. However, the drones cannot approximate the target speed owing to the close distance to the target, and there is a limitation in the payload weight; hence, it is difficult to use multiple antennas. Therefore, this study investigates the process of detecting a moving target using a compressive sensing technique on a short-range platform equipped with a single antenna. Finally, through simulation and real data, it was verified that the video SAR image processing of a moving target based on compression sensing was possible.

This paper explores novel architectures for fast backprojection based video synthetic aperture radar (BP-VISAR) with multiple GPUs. The video SAR frame rate is analyzed for non-overlapped and overlapped aperture modes. For the parallelization of the backprojection process, a processing data unit is defined as the phase history data or range profile data from partial synthetic-apertures divided from the full resolution target data. Considering whether full-aperture processing is performed and range compression or backprojection are parallelized on a GPU basis, we propose six distinct architectures, each having a single-stream pipeline with a single GPU. The performance of these architectures is evaluated in both non-overlapped and overlapped modes. The efficiency of the BP-VISAR architecture with sub-aperture processing in the overlapped mode is accelerated further by filling the processing gap from the idling GPU resources with multi-stream based backprojection on multiple GPUs. The frame rate of the proposed BP-VISAR architecture with sub-aperture processing is scalable with the number of GPU devices for large pixel resolution. It can generate 4096 × 4096 video SAR frames of 0.5 m cross-range resolution in 23.0 Hz on a single GPU and 73.5 Hz on quad GPUs.

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