This research was conducted to select, to identify LAB isolates and to investigate the effects of the LAB as probiotics candidate in the rumen fermentation. Nine isolates exhibited the potency as candidate probiotics for cattle. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with ten treatments and three different times of in vitro as a block. The substrate consisted of 70% forage and 30% concentrate proportion. The substrate was incubated at 39oC using serum bottle of 100 ml capacity for fermentation. Approximately 0.75 g of substrates was put inside the serum bottle glass and filled with 73 ml of buffered rumen fluid and 2 ml of LAB inoculant. Gas production was measured every 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h of the incubation period. Gas production kinetic was estimated by the Ørskov’s equation. The LAB with the highest gas production, as probiotics candidate, were identified using partial 16S rDNA sequence. The results of this research indicated that nine LAB produced high gas production in the range of 193-198 ml compare to that of control (173 ml). The addition of LAB in rumen fermentation resulted in digestibility 65-75%, organic matter digestibility 51-73%, and 6.67-6.68 pH. Based on the molecular identification, 8 isolates are Lactobacillus plantarum and 1 of uncultured bacteria. The LAB strain 32 L. plantarum showed the best for a ruminant probiotic candidate based on the in vitro rumen fermentation characteristic.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengobservasi potensi penggunaan daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) sebagai agen antibakteri untuk Escherichia coli dan Salmonella typhimurium. Daun mengkudu diolah dengan empat metode pengolahan sederhana, yaitu penepungan, blending, juicing, dan dekokta. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis deskriptif. Variabel yang diukur adalah analisis fitokimia dan aktivitas antibakteri melalui uji daya hambat bakteri. Uji kualitatif digunakan untuk analisis fitokimia dan uji kuantitatif untuk pengukuran aktivitas antibakteri. Aktivitas antibakteri daun mengkudu diuji dengan metode sumur difusi menggunakan 4 konsentrasi, yaitu 2,5; 5; 7,5; dan 10% dan diekstraksi secara maserasi dengan 4 pelarut, yaitu air, etanol, etil asetat, dan heksan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengolahan daun mengkudu menghasilkan senyawa aktif yang bervariasi. Pengolahan penepungan daun mengkudu menghasilkan golongan senyawa aktif yang lebih banyak jenisnya dibandingan 3 pengolahan lainnya. Uji antibakteri pada Escherichia coli tidak terlihat pada semua pengolahan daun mengkudu, tetapi terlihat positif menghambat Salmonella typhimurium pada pengolahan ekstraksi tepung daun mengkudu menggunakan pelarut etanol dan etil asetat pada maserasi 48 jam. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tepung daun mengkudu menggunakan etanol dan etil asetat yang dimaserasi selama 48 jam mampu menghambat bakteri Salmonella typhimurium.

INTISARIPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh suplementasi silica+ (Si) dalam jenis ransum berbeda terhadap performa, retensi nutrien (energi, protein, lemak), dan nilai ekonomis ransum broiler. Enam pakan perlakuan diberikan di antaranya: 1. HN (high nutrient), 2. HN+Si, 3. LN (low nutrient), 4. LN+Si, 5. HNRB (high nutrient contained rice bran) dan 6. HNRB+Si. Sejumlah 1.440 ekor DOC CP707 tanpa sexing digunakan dalam rancangan acak lengkap yang terbagi dalam 6 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi silica+ pada jenis ransum HNRB dan LN tidak berpengaruh terhadap performa dan retensi nutrien ransum. HNRB menghasilkan retensi lemak yang rendah, FCR yang tinggi selama periode starter, dan bobot badan yag rendah selama periode starter maupun grower (P<0,05). Ransum LN menghasilkan FCR yang tinggi selama periode starter (P<0,05), akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap bobot badan. Suplementasi silica+ pada ransum HN menurunkan FCR sebesar 8,09% selama periode grower (P<0,05), meningkatkan retensi lemak dan energi metabolis murni terkoreksi nitrogen (EMMn) berturut-turut sebesar 1,30% dan 4,41%. Secara umum suplementasi silica+ paling efektif diterapkan pada jenis ransum HN selama periode grower (umur 22 sampai 35 hari). HN+Si menghasilkan nilai ekonomis ransum yang tertinggi dengan peningkatan income over feed and chick cost (IOFCC) sebesar 11,07% dan penurunan relative feed cost (RFC) sebesar 4,16%.

This experiment was design to evaluate the effects of supplementation of Zn and Cu in inorganic or organic form on broiler’s percentage of giblets and abdominal fat of 35-day-old broiler chickens. The experiment used a completely randomized design with two treatments, 17 replicates and 32 birds per pen (816 female and 272 male). The treatments based on the type of mineral i.e. inorganic (T1) and organic (T2). The types of mineral did not affected the weight and percentage of weight of bursa fabricius, lymph, heart, bile gland, kidney, and abdominal fat. The types of mineral did not affected the weight  of thymus, liver, proventriculus, pancreas, and gizzard, but were affected their percentage of weight (p<0.05). The types of mineral were affected  the length and percentage of weight of duodenum, jejunum,and ileum (p<0.05) . The types of mineral were affected the length of secca, but did not affected its percentage of weight (p<0.05). The types of mineral did not affected the length of colon, but were affected its  percentage of weight (p<0.05). The supplementation of mineral Cu and Zn in organic form has better absorption of nutrient and positive effect to health of chickens in stress due to heat stress. Key words:        broiler, copper,  inorganik mineral, organik mineral,  zinc

This study was conducted to compare the effect of different ratio of omega-3:omega-6 in total mix ration to blood metabolites and reproductive performance of ewes. A total of 25 young ewes were randomly assigned to five experimental groups and five replications : R0 (without omega-3:omega-6), R1 (omega-3:omega-6 1:8), R2 (omega-3:omega-6 1:6), R3 (omega-3:omega-6 1:3), R4 (omega-3:omega-6 1:2). The parameters measured were feed intake, productive performance, blood glucose and cholesterol pre-mating period. Parameters of characteristic estrous measured were onset of estrous, length of estrous and estrous response. The result showed that ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 1:2 have a greatest daily weight gain and feed efficiency. Ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 1:2 have blood glucose lowest, but highest blood cholesterol. Addition of omega-3 cause to delays onset of estrous. The conclusion is greatest length of estrous, estrous response and pregnacy rate on ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 1:2 in ration.