Objective: Tooth extraction in oral surgery can lead to bleeding. Ozone water is a material that is able to accelerate healing process and prevent socket inflammation by stimulating and speeding up the work of cells like fibroblasts. Moreover, ozone water quickens the release of oxygen to the tissue to kill microorganism in tooth socket and accelerate healing process. Material and Methods: This is experimental research using post-test only with control group design. Ozone water is made using DSM Aero High Voltage. The ozonation process takes 30 minutes and followed by soaking a tampon in the ozone water. Patients in the treatment group bite the tampon for 30 minutes while patients in the control group bite a dry tampon. After 30 minutes, the tooth socket is checked to observe the inflammation using the Gingival Score Index. Patients are instructed to come back 7 days after the tooth extraction to check on the inflammation. There is a total of 38 samples in the study and they are divided into 2 groups (treatment and control). This study is conducted in the Department of Oral Surgery and Maxillofacial Faculty of Dentistry USU. Results: The average of Gingival Index after 30 minutes is 0.42±0.507 and 0.95±0.911 for treatment and control groups, respectively. On day 7 the average is 0.00±0.00 for treatment group and 0.37±0.496 for control group. Conclusion: Ozone water is able to stimulate and quicken the healing process for wounds and reduce the inflammation of the tooth socket.

Material and Methods: This was an experimental study with posttest only control group design approach. Purposive technique is applied to collect samples which are lower molar extraction forceps. In this study, sample were divided into 2 groups and each consisting of 18 instruments. The treatment group was treated with 2% glutaraldehyde while the control group was treated with 4.8% chloroxylenol. Each instrument was pre-cleaned using a brush, water and soap for both groups underwent the disinfection process. Results: The results were statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney Test. The comparison between glutaraldehyde and chloroxylenol showed a significant difference to the total bacteria count on instrument after disinfection (p=0.014 < 0.05). Conclusion: 2% glutaraldehyde was more effective than 4.8% chloroxylenol at disinfecting lower molar extraction forceps.

Objective: Disinfection is an act to kill and eliminate all forms of microorganisms including spores with physical or chemical procedures. One of the goals of disinfection in the health sector is to prevent cross infection through microorganisms that are found in blood, saliva and dental plaque that can contaminate the work surface. Material and Methods: This is an experimental research with pretest-posttest design. This study was conducted on 10 dental chair unit and the number of bacterial colonies is observed before and after disinfection using 70% alcohol and 2% glutaraldehyde. Results: The results showed that the number of bacterial colonies experienced a statistically significant decrease after disinfection with 70% alcohol with mean value of 318.20±217.52 before and 11.20±17.29 after disinfection, while 2% glutaraldehyde decreased with mean value before 194.20±206.61 and after disinfection 2.20±2.28. Comparison of the difference in mean number of bacterial colonies between 70% alcohol group and 2% glutaraldehyde group did not show a significant difference (p = 0.412). Conclusion:Based on the results, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference in the number of bacterial colonies between 70% alcohol and 2% glutaraldehyde. From the results, it can be concluded that there was nothing better in the act of disinfection of dental chair units using 70% alcohol and 2% glutaraldehyde in reducing the number of bacteria.

Background: Cleft lip and palate as a frequent congenital defect is caused by genetic and environmental factors. Micronutrient folic acid as an environmental factor has shown a role as a cleft lip and palate protective factor in several previous studies. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of adequacy of folic acid supplementation and the association between folic acid supplementation during the first trimester of pregnancy with the incidence of cleft lip and palate at Mitra Sejati Hospital, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Methods: This study used analytical research with a case-control design and questionnaire. A Chi-square test was used to observe the association between the folic acid supplement intake during the first trimester with the incidence of cleft. The p-value ≤ 0.05 was deemed to be significant. Results: The study found that 47 mothers (51.09%) had insufficient, while 45 mothers (48.91%) had adequate folic acid supplementation. This study did not show a significant association between supplement use and all cleft incidence (p>0.05), but a significant result was found between inadequate supplementation (<400µ/day) and cleft lip with or without cleft palate occurrence (p=0.043; OR 2.4[1.022-5.625]). Conclusion: The present study showed that most pregnant women did not have sufficient folic acid supplement in the first trimester. Furthermore, inadequate maternal folic acid supplementation (<400µ/day) during the first trimester of pregnancy increased the tendency for cleft lip and cleft palate (with or without cleft lip) to occur significantly.

Material and Methods: This study was an experimental study with a one group pre-test post-test group design. The sampling method used in this study was purposive sampling. 18 undergraduate students in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery participated as subjects of this study. Sample was assessed before and after hand washing using WHO method. Results: Hand washing technique using WHO method was effective on the palm, back of hands, between fingers, and thumbs (p<0.05) while on fingertips was not effective (p>0.05). Conclusion: Effectivity of hand washing technique using WHO method with the ultraviolet light assessment on health workers at