Summary A case of toxoplasma hepatitis presenting with cholestatic jaundice is described. The diagnosis was based on serological testing and evidence of hepatitis on biopsy.

Background: Disturbances of the autonomic nervous system play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and clinical course of many diseases. Sympathetic response is an exaggerated response to stress. Studies have shown that enhanced sympathetic response to stress is an indication of prehypertensive states. Young offspring of hypertensive parents are a good model for assessing sympathetic reactivity prior to clinical hypertension. The aim of this study is to compare the sympathetic response in normotensive offspring of both hypertensive and normotensive parents.Methods: 100 young normotensives, non-smoking and healthy students (male and female) of Manipal College of medical science with a family history of hypertension and 100 young normotensives students, non-smoking and healthy with a negative family history of hypertension were enrolled in the study. Blood pressures at rest and after Isometric hand grip test and cold pressor test were measured. Statistical analysis was done to compare the blood pressure at rest and after isometric hand grip exercise and cold pressor test using independent t test.Results: A statistically significant increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressures were observed in normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents, compared to the normotensive offspring of normotensive parents indicating sympathetic overactivity after isometric hand grip exercise and cold pressor test (P<0.001). Conclusions: Normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents showed increase sympathetic reactivity after stress was given in the form of isometric hand grip exercise and cold pressor test. Thus, normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents are more likely to develop future hypertension and the risk is greater when both the parents were hypertensive.Keywords: Cold pressor test; Isometric hand grip test; Sympathetic reactivity.

The word "yoga" is derived from the Sanskrit root yuj meaning "to join". It means the union of body, mind and soul. Yoga is also known as a spiritual science of self-realisation. The Indian sage Patanjali, in his Yoga Sutra, defines yoga as a practice to control the afflictions of the mind. Yoga goes beyond religion, beliefs, ethnicity, gender and health conditions. It is not a philosophy or ideology but rather an experiential practice which works on our cognition. Asanas, pranayama, dhyana etc. allow the practitioner to sense their state of existence. Health can be measured in many ways and is often broken down into a variety of numbers and diagnoses that don't often provide the best picture of what a truly healthy body and mind looks like. While modern-day western medicine has brought many wonderful and life saving advancements, one of the downfalls of western medicine is the often siloed approach to health, which looks at the body in sections of individual symptoms and pieces rather that, the whole system it really is. This is why holistic health is so important, because to truly achieve optimal wellness in the physical, mental, and spiritual sense we have to be viewing and supporting the body as the incredible system it is.

Background and Objectives: Gastrointestinal infection is a major cause of diarrhea, anemia, malnutrition and responsible for reducing physical and mental development especially in children. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of the intestinal pathogens in the slum-dwelling population in Kaski, Nepal.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in August-September 2012 in slum-dwelling community. Overall 166 human faecal samples were collected and examined using formal ether sedimentation method.Results: The prevalence of gastrointestinal infections in slum-dwelling population was found to be 24.1%. The magnitude of infection was higher (26.9%) among females compared to males. The difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The prevalence of infection was higher (37.0%, P > 0.05) in Dalit group. Children (≤10 years) had higher rate of infection than older people. 22% subjects had single and 2.4% had multiple infections. In the overall population, 12.7% had G. lamblia followed by 5.4% Ascaris lumbricoides, 4.8% Hymenolepsis nana and 3.6% Trichuris trichuria. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal infections were common in the slum-dwelling populations. Lack of health education and safe drinking water contributed higher infection rate in the community. Increased exposure time to the contaminated water and gender disparity had influenced the rate of infection. Due to the semi-urban area with absence of moist soil, protozoan infection was prevalent than helminth infections.