Abstract. Extensive research exists on coping in children and adolescents. However, developmental issues have only recently started to receive more attention. The present study examined age differences and developmental changes in six coping strategies (social support seeking, problem solving, avoidant coping, palliative emotion regulation, anger-related emotion regulation, and media use) assessed by a coping questionnaire (German Stress and Coping Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents, SSKJ 3–8; Lohaus, Eschenbeck, Kohlmann, & Klein-Heßling, 2006 ) in middle/late childhood and early adolescence. At the initial assessment, 917 children from grades 3 to 7 (age range 8–15 years) were included (cross-sectional sample). Three cohorts (grades 3–5 at baseline) were traced longitudinally over 1½ years with four assessments (longitudinal sample: n = 388). The cross-sectional coping data showed significant effects for grade level in four coping strategies. Older children scored higher in problem solving and media use, and lower in avoidant coping. Seventh graders scored lower than fourth and fifth graders in social support seeking. Longitudinal data confirmed time effects and cohort effects indicating developmental changes. Increases over time were found for problem solving and media use; decreases were found for avoidant coping and anger-related emotion regulation. For social support seeking, an increase within the youngest cohort (grades 3–5) was found. Developmental trends (in cross-sectional and longitudinal data), with especially strong increases for problem solving or declines in avoidant coping in the youngest cohort, differed for the two studied stressful situations (social, academic) but were independent of the child’s gender. To conclude, particularly in the age range of 9–11 years relevant developmental changes toward a more active coping seem to appear.

Definition of the problem This article critically addresses the conceptualization of trust in the ethical discussion on artificial intelligence (AI) in the specific context of social robots in care. First, we attempt to define in which respect we can speak of ‘social’ robots and how their ‘social affordances’ affect the human propensity to trust in human–robot interaction. Against this background, we examine the use of the concept of ‘trust’ and ‘trustworthiness’ with respect to the guidelines and recommendations of the High-Level Expert Group on AI of the European Union. Arguments Trust is analyzed as a multidimensional concept and phenomenon that must be primarily understood as departing from trusting as a human functioning and capability. To trust is an essential part of the human basic capability to form relations with others. We further want to discuss the concept of responsivity which has been established in phenomenological research as a foundational structure of the relation between the self and the other. We argue that trust and trusting as a capability is fundamentally responsive and needs responsive others to be realized. An understanding of responsivity is thus crucial to conceptualize trusting in the ethical framework of human flourishing. We apply a phenomenological–anthropological analysis to explore the link between certain qualities of social robots that construct responsiveness and thereby simulate responsivity and the human propensity to trust. Conclusion Against this background, we want to critically ask whether the concept of trustworthiness in social human–robot interaction could be misguided because of the limited ethical demands that the constructed responsiveness of social robots is able to answer to.

Objective This study examines the bidirectional effect between physical activity (PA) and health‐related quality of life in children and adolescents, focusing on within‐person effects. Methods PA and health‐related quality of life were assessed in children and adolescents (N = 685, age: M = 10.29 years, SD = 1.35, range = 8–14), via self‐report across four waves, each 6 months apart, and a random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel model with time‐invariant cross‐lagged effects was calculated. Results Positive cross‐lagged effects between prior PA and health‐related quality of life 6 months later ( γy = 0.536, 95% CI [0.016, 1.055], p = .043, d = 0.11) and vice versa ( γx = 0.015, 95% CI [0.001, 0.030], p = .039, d = 0.12) were found. Furthermore, the random intercept correlation was significant ( Txy = 3.622, 95% CI [2.204, 5.041], p < .001, d = 0.27). Conclusions The findings confirm known correlations between PA and health‐related quality of life and extends them by indicating both an upward and downward spiral of PA and health‐related quality of life in children and adolescents.

170 trade school students (main inquiry 142) between 18 and 21 in eight cantons were questioned via group discussions and questionnaire on their attitude to the STOP AIDS campaign, to the messages put across by the campaign and to the use of condoms. About half the trade school students recognise the personal appeal. 77% consider the recommended protection by using condoms personally acceptable and correct. However, the inquiry disclosed that this is only a relative acceptance. In practice, a considerable minority is developing individual behaviour concepts with a view to circumventing the recommended condom protection whenever possible. There is a lack of insight into the advantages of using condoms as standard practice in risk situations as a manifestation of the solidarity of all concerned to prevent AIDS from spreading further. The analysis of the results considers, inter alia, to what extent partner loyalty, confidence and abstinence are integrated in these behavioural concepts and attempts to assess their value with a view to reliable AIDS prevention. Prejudice against the condom and a gap in the STOP AIDS campaign reasoning are considered as possible grounds for the resistance to the recommended condom protection.

No abstract