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BackgroundThe DAOA/G30 (D-amino acid oxidase activator) gene complex at chromosomal region 13q32-33 is one of the most intriguing susceptibility loci for the major psychiatric disorders, although there is no consensus about the specific risk alleles or haplotypes across studies.MethodsIn a case-control sample of German descent (affective psychosis: n = 248; controls: n = 188) we examined seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) around DAOA/G30 (rs3916966, rs1935058, rs2391191, rs1935062, rs947267, rs3918342, and rs9558575) for genetic association in a polydiagnostic approach (ICD 10; Leonhard's classification).ResultsNo single marker showed evidence of overall association with affective disorder neither in ICD10 nor Leonhard's classification. Haplotype analysis revealed no association with recurrent unipolar depression or bipolar disorder according to ICD10, within Leonhard's classification manic-depression was associated with a 3-locus haplotype (rs2391191, rs1935062, and rs3916966; P = 0.022) and monopolar depression with a 5-locus combination at the DAOA/G30 core region (P = 0.036).ConclusionOur data revealed potential evidence for partially overlapping risk haplotypes at the DAOA/G30 locus in Leonhard's affective psychoses, but do not support a common genetic contribution of the DAOA/G30 gene complex to the pathogenesis of affective disorders.

Die 2:1‐Addukte 1b–1e von Boranen an 4,4′‐Bipyridin werden beschrieben. Die Donorstärke der Borane spiegelt sich in den UV‐und 1H‐NMR‐Spektren sowie dem Redoxverhalten der Addukte, die mit 4,4′‐Bipyridin (BP) und dessen Bisquartärsalz 1a verglichen werden. 1b und 1c stellen neuartige zweistufige Redoxsysteme dar mit hoher thermodynamischer Stabilität der Radikalstufe [KSEM(1b) = 1.23 ⋅ 104, KSEM(1c) = 1.17 ⋅ 109].

Reductive coupling of 2,6‐dimethylpyridine (I) leads to the disodium tetrahydro‐4,4'‐bipyridinium salt which is oxidized by sulfur dioxide, yielding the tetramethylbipyridine (II).