Heros acaroides Hensel, 1870 is resurrected from synonymy of Chromis facetus Jenyns, 1842 (currently known as Australoheros facetus) and re-described on the basis of its type series and fresh material, collected in the vicinity of its type locality (Porto Alegre, Rio Grande de Sul, Brazil). A lectotype is designated. It differs from Australoheros facetus by its mouth shape (jaws subequal versus lower jaw projecting over upper jaw; comparative thick lips versus thin lips) and smaller scales on cheeks (cheek scale rows 4 or usually 5 vs. usually 3 in A. facetus). It differs from A. taura (a species occurring in the same drainage) by the presence of a conspicuous midlateral stripe, a well developed caudal fin base spot (vs. no prominent spot in A. taura) and by a higher body depth (42.7 – 49.0 % SL versus 40.1 – 42.4 % of SL in A. taura).

No abstract

Andinoacara stalsbergi sp. n. is described from the drainages of trans-andean rivers and lakes at the Peruvian Pacific coast where this species occurs between Río Chira (Depto. Piura) in the north and Río Pisco (Depto. Ica) in the south. It is distinguished from its sister species A. rivulatus by the possession of a conspicuous white margin of both the dorsal and caudal fin and scales with light centres and contrasting dark marginal lines forming a fine reticulate pattern on the body sides. Studies based on molecular data confirm the status of Andinoacara stalsbergi sp. n. and reveal its phylogenetic relationships to its congeners. The reconstruction of the phylogeny within the genus Andinoacara results in the existence of two clades: one with A. stalsbergi sp. n., A. rivulatus, A. sapayensis and A. biseriatus and another with the remaining species.

Apistogramma helkeri sp. n. is described from the drainage of the lower río Cuao in the Estado Amazonas of Venezuela. It is most similar to Apistogramma hongsloi Kullander, 1979, but differs from this species by its colouration and the shape of its dorsal fin. It can be distinguished from all the other described Apistogramma species by the following combination of characters: caudal fin rounded, hyaline and immaculate; dorsal fin lappets short, truncate, without extension or prolongation; caudal spot large, vertically extended; lateral band chainlike or running in a zigzag to 7th bar, not reaching caudal fin or caudal spot; upper pectoral spot present; three distinct abdominal stripes.

Betta hendra spec. nov. is described from Kalimantan Tengah, Borneo, Indonesia. It is a bubble-nesting fighting fish of the B. coccina species group. The new species differs from the other members of the group by a bright greenish iridescent colour on the flanks and unpaired fins. It is distinguished from its geographical neighbour species B. uberis by a lower number of dorsal-fin rays (10–12 versus 14–17).