In order to study their current practices and improve on them, manufacturing firms need to view their processes from several viewpoints at various abstraction levels. Several notations have been developed for this purpose, such as Value Stream Mappings or IDEF models. Recently, the BPMN 2.0 standard from the Object Management Group has been proposed for modeling business processes. A process organizes several activities into a single higher-level entity, which can be reused elsewhere in the organization. Its potential for standardizing business interactions is well-known, but there is little work on using BPMN 2.0 to model manufacturing processes. In this work some of the previous notations are outlined and BPMN 2.0 is positioned among them after discussing it in more depth. Some guidelines on using BPMN 2.0 for manufacturing are offered, and its advantages and disadvantages in comparison with the other notations are presented.

This review aimed at evaluating the state of availability, accessibility and model of delivery of oral health services in prisons, globally. Five databases of peer‐reviewed literature and potential sources of grey literature were systematically searched. Inclusion criteria encompassed oral health papers related to prisons globally, with exclusion of certain article types. Selection involved independent evaluations by two researchers, followed by quality assessment. Data on the availability of oral health interventions in prisons came from 18 countries, while information on the model of delivery of the services is scarce. In addition, two sets of individual and organizational barriers toward oral health service uptake in prisons were revealed and discussed in the text. Lack of oral health services in prisons affects people living in prisons and jeopardizes their reintegration. Urgent and concrete international actions are required to ensure the availability, accessibility, and quality of oral health services among people living in prisons.

ResumenEste artículo presenta tres experiencias llevadas a cabo en la Universidad de Cádiz (España) durante los cursos 2008-2009 y 2009-2010. En ellas se emplean herramientas Web 2.0 para facilitar el trabajo en grupo de los alumnos, tanto en clase como fuera de ella. Se persigue este objetivo en dos frentes: creación de documentos con tecnologías wiki y desarrollo colaborativo de proyectos de software. Como consecuencia, todo el trabajo que se realiza está disponible públicamente y se usan herramientas automáticas para su medición, lo que facilita proporcionar retroalimentación a los alumnos y hace más transparente la evaluación. Los resultados muestran que estas tecnologías facilitan la detección de problemas en el aprendizaje y en el trabajo interno de los grupos. Además, los alumnos valoran positivamente este tipo de iniciativas en las que son protagonistas. Sin embargo, ese mayor grado de participación hace necesario el uso de herramientas automáticas para su seguimiento. Palabras clave: ingeniería informática, trabajo colaborativo, wiki, software libre Promoting Participation of Students using Web 2.0 Collaborative Open Source Tools AbstractThis paper presents the results of three experiences developed in the University of Cádiz (Spain) during the courses 2008-2009 and 2009-2010. Web 2.0 tools to promote collaborative work both inside and outside the classroom are employed. Efforts are concentrated along two lines: writing documentation with wiki technology, and collaborative software development. All the work done by the students is publicly available, and automated tools are used for measuring it, which facilitate the feedback to students and make the evaluation process more transparent. Results show that due to these technologies, individual learning problems and problems within workgroups can be easily detected by the instructor. Besides, students feel comfortable with an initiative that turns them into the main actors in the class. Nevertheless, this higher degree of participation makes it necessary the use of automated tools to control the progress of the students. Keywords: computer science, collaborative work, wiki, open source softwareFormación Universitaria Vol. 3(4), 25-40 (2010) doi: 10.4067/S0718-50062010000400004 INTRODUCCIÓNEn los últimos años se observa cómo las tecnologías Web 2.0 (blogs, wikis, redes sociales, etc.) han propiciado que los usuarios de la red pasen de ser meros consumidores de información publicada por otras entidades a autores de contenidos con un público potencial enorme. Cabe destacar el avance que se ha producido en algunas herramientas de creación de contenidos digitales como MediaWiki, la tecnología que emplea el proyecto Wikipedia, cuyo éxito ha llevado recientemente a Microsoft a abandonar la comercialización de su famosa enciclopedia Encarta (20minutos, 2010), y en los sistemas colaborativos de desarrollo de software, que hacen factible el desarrollo de software por parte de personas que, las más de las veces, ni siquiera se conocen físicamente y que trabajan d...

In order to study their current practices and improve on them, manufacturing firms need to view their processes from several viewpoints at various abstraction levels. Several notations have been developed for this purpose, such as Value Stream Mappings or IDEF models. More recently, the BPMN 2.0 standard from the Object Management Group has been proposed for modeling business processes. A process organizes several activities (manual or automatic) into a single higher-level entity, which can be reused elsewhere in the organization. Its potential for standardizing business interactions is well-known, but there is little work on using BPMN 2.0 to model manufacturing processes. In this work some of the previous notations are outlined and BPMN 2.0 is positioned among them after discussing it in more depth. Some guidelines on using BPMN 2.0 for manufacturing are offered, and its advantages and disadvantages in comparison with the other notations are presented.

As envisioned by Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS), Next Generation Manufacturing Systems (NGMS) will satisfy the needs of an increasingly fast-paced and demanding market by dynamically integrating systems from inside and outside the manufacturing firm itself into a so-called extended enterprise. However, organizing these systems to ensure the maximum flexibility and interoperability with those from other organizations is difficult. Additionally, a defect in the system would have a great impact: it would affect not only its owner, but also its partners. For these reasons, we argue that a serviceoriented architecture (SOA) would be a good candidate. It should be designed following a methodology where services play a central role, instead of being an implementation detail. In order for the architecture to be reliable enough as a whole, the methodology will need to help find errors before they arise in a production environment. In this paper we propose using SOAspecific testing techniques, compare some of the existing methodologies and outline several extensions upon one of them to integrate testing techniques.