Washing hands is the first step to avoid various germs that cause infectious diseases, but this step is often ignored or overlooked. The use of hand sanitizer antiseptics and liquid soap is recommended early to avoid various types of germs that cause infectious diseases. Liquid soap can make viruses and bacteria unable to infect and reproduce. Because fat or lipids are damaged by detergents. Apart from antiseptic soap, hand sanitizers can disinfect and clean hands without soap. Hand sanitizers contain antibacterial ingredients such as triclosan or other antimicrobial agents which can inhibit the growth of bacteria on the hands such as Staphylococcus aureus. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparison of the effectiveness test of washing hands using antiseptic soap, running water, and hand sanitizer. In this study, the method used was the disc diffusion technique and the zone of inhibition was determined. This study uses 5 kinds of hand sanitizers that already have a distribution permit and negative control in the form of oil carriers. And the antimicrobial inhibition test was carried out with Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Of the five hand sanitizer samples, there is an inhibition zone, namely in the sample HS code 1 (70% alcohol and castor oil) and HS 5 (70% alcohol), where the diameter of the inhibition zone is 1.8 mm and 4.3 mm. This shows that the response to growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is very weak. Therefore, it can be concluded that the antibacterial activity of locally produced liquid soap and hand sanitizer is very weak in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.

Currently, the rise of the corona disease has become a worldwide pandemic which has been declared by Who to be the center of attention around the world. One of the prevention efforts is to wear a mask and wash hands. Hand washing is done by using liquid soap and rinsing with soapy water. The degree of acidity (pH) of soap serves to inhibit the growth rate and kill bacteria. This research is to see the antibacterial activity of unbranded and branded liquid soap products and have distribution permits that are traded freely in the marketplace. Using the disc diffusion technique method, the zone of inhibition is determined. In this study, a positive control was used, namely liquid soap that already had a distribution permit and a negative control in the form of aquadest. The test results obtained that the diameter of the inhibition zone for liquid soap, namely S. aureus in liquid soap, was 27.7 mm and in positive control was 24.9 mm. Meanwhile, in E.coli, the average diameter of the inhibition area in liquid soap was 29.3 mm and in positive control was 32.8 mm. This is influenced by the concentration of antiseptic, soap composition, antibacterial, and pH of the soap, as well as bacterial cell wall components and dilution. And from the results of statistical analysis using the Tukey test method, it was found that there was a significant difference in liquid soap (p-value 0.000) which was significant in inhibiting the rate of bacterial growth.

Prediabetes adalah keadaan yang ditandai dengan gangguan glukosa puasa atau gangguan toleransi glukosa. Indonesia menduduki peringkat ke tujuh di dunia dengan jumlah penduduk diabetes tertinggi. Di seluruh dunia, ada lebih dari 400 juta orang dengan prediabetes dan proyeksi menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari 470 juta orang akan mengalami prediabetes pada tahun 2030. Estimasi handal yang berkelanjutan diperlukan untuk merencanakan program pencegahan dan pengobatan yang efektif untuk manajemen diabetes secara nasional untuk menurunkan angka tersebut khususnya pada masyakat usia produktif. Kebaruan penelitian ini menganalisis profil prediabetes pada usia produktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gambaran terkait tingkat prediabetes pada usia produktif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan analisis deskriptif. Responden yang diambil sebagai sampel yaitu pria maupun wanita dengan usia produktif (15-64 tahun) di salah satu perguruan tinggi negeri di Kota Malang yang bersedia mengisi kuesioner yang meliputi nama, umur, tingkat pendidikan, nilai gula darah acak, tekanan darah, berat badan, tinggi badan, ada tidaknya Riwayat diabetes dalam keluarga dan frekuensi aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan. Data yang terkumpul diolah untuk mendapatkan nilai/skor prediabetes dengan bantuan website CDC untuk mendapatkan nilai / skor prediabetes.  Berdasarkan hasil survey langsung terhadap 101 responden dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari ke enam parameter penentu pre diabetes (usia, jenis kelamin, tekanan darah, BMI, dan Riwayat keluarga) maka dari 101 responden usia produktif sebanyak 92,1% responden memiliki resiko rendah pre diabetes dan 7,9% memiliki resiko tinggi prediabetes. Kata kunci: Diabetes; Gula Darah; Prediabetes; Usia Produktif.  AbstractPrediabetes is a condition characterized by impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. Indonesia is ranked seventh in the world with the highest number of diabetics. Worldwide, there are more than 400 million people with prediabetes and projections show that more than 470 million people will have prediabetes by 2030. Reliable estimates are useful for planning effective prevention and treatment programs for diabetes management nationwide to reduce this number especially in people of working age. Therefore, this study aims to provide an overview regarding the level of prediabetes in productive age. This research is an observational study with descriptive analysis. Respondents who met these criteria filled out a questionnaire which included name, age, level of education, random blood sugar values, blood pressure, weight, height, no history of diabetes in the family and the frequency of physical activity carried out. The collected data is processed to obtain prediabetes values/scores with the help of the CDC website to obtain prediabetes values/scores. Based on the results of a survey of 101 respondents collected. Based on the research above, it can be concluded that of the six parameters (age, sex, blood pressure, BMI, and family history) determinants of pre-diabetes, 92.1% of 101 respondents had a low risk of pre-diabetes and 7.9% had a low risk of developing pre-diabetes. Keywords: Diabetes; Blood Glucose; Prediabetes; Productive Age.

Breastfeeding has a significant role in preventing stunting. The fluency of breastfeeding by postpartum mothers, apart from being influenced by nutritional intake, was also influenced by psychological and environmental factors. Oxytocin massage was part of the way out to increase milk production, minimize swelling and provide comfort to the mother, so that breast milk was stimulated smoothly. The use of lavender oil acts as a relaxant and as an aromatherapy when oxytocin massages provided synergistic benefits on oxytocin massage to stimulate breast milk. Counseling related to the socialization of stimulation of breast milk production through massage of oxytocin and lavender essential oil to prevent stunting in the first 1000 days of birth was carried out in Gondang Village, Gondang District, Mojokerto Regency. The level of knowledge of the participants was measured using a questionnaire and analyzed using a paired sample T test. The analysis results show the sig. 0.000 (p <0.005), which indicates that there was a significant relationship between the provision of counseling materials to the participants insights and knowledge regarding the stimulation of breastfeeding and oxytocin massage using lavender oil, where participants knowledge has increased from before to after exposure to the information Abstrak Pemberian ASI (Air Susu Ibu) berperan signifikan dalam pencegahan stunting. Kelancaran ASI oleh ibu pasca melahirkan, selain dipengaruhi oleh asupan nutrisi juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor psikologi dan lingkungan ibu. Pemijatan oksitosin merupakan bagian dari jalan keluar untuk meningkatkan  produksi ASI, meminimalisasi pembengkakan dan memberikan rasa nyaman pada ibu, sehingga ASI terstimulasi lancar. Penggunaan minyak lavender berfungsi sebagai relaksan dan sebagai aromaterapi saat melakukan pijat oksitosin memberikan manfaat secara sinergis pada pijat oksitosin untuk menstimulasi ASI. Penyuluhan terkait sosialisasi stimulasi produksi asi (Stipasi)  melalui pijat oksitosin dan minyak esensial lavender untuk mencegah stunting pada 1000 hari pertama kelahiran dilakukan di Desa Gondang, Kecamatan Gondang, Kabupaten Mojokerto. Tingkat pengetahuan peserta diukur menggunakan kuisioner dan dianalisa dengan uji T sampel berpasangan. Hasil analisa menunjukkan nilai sig. 0.000 (p < 0,005) yang menunjukkan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pemberian materi penyuluhan terhadap wawasan dan pengetahuan peserta terkait stimulasi pemberian ASI dengan pijat oksitosin menggunakan minyak lavender, dimana pengetahuan peserta mengalami peningkatan dari sebelum hingga setelah di paparkan materi penyuluhan.

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) ialah penyakit pada saluran pernapasan yang disebabkan oleh subtipe virus corona. Salah satu upaya pemerintah yaitu pengenalan vaksinasi sebagai sarana pencegahan dan pengendalian COVID-19. Adapaun jenis vaksin yang digunakan adalah Astra Zeneca, dan Sinovac Biotech Ltd. Pengembangan vaksin pada umumnya membutuhkan waktu selama 10-15 tahun namun dengan adanya kebutuhan akan vaksin yang mengharuskan untuk disediakan maka denagn waktu 15 bulan vaksin tersebut bisa tersedia. Namun dengan waktu yang cepat menimbulkan kekhawatiran yang signifikan terkait vaksin tersebut untuk penggunaan umum secara global, serta efek samping maupun kejadian ikutan biasa disebut dengan KIPI (Kejadian Ikutan Pasca Imunisasi). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian obeservasional dengan retrospektif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua warga Surabaya yang telah selesai divaksinasi tahap I maupun tahap I & II. Hasil pengamatan pada form KIPI dariDinas Kesehatan Kota Surabaya terdapat KIPI vaksin AstraZeneca yaitu nyeri pada bekas suntikan 37 %, demam 21%, menggigil atau meriang 16%, badan pegal 7%, mual atau muntah 6%. Untuk laporan KIPI vaksin Sinovac menunjukkan persentase nyeri pada bekas suntikan 17%, demam 33%, pusing 12%, kemerahan/bengkak pada bekas suntikan 11%, dan mengantuk 6%.