KARAKTERISTIK BRIKET YANG DIBUAT DARI KULIT DURIAN DAN PEREKAT PATI JANENG. Limbah kulit durian merupakan salah satu bahan baku yang dapat diolah menjadi energi alternatif pengganti bahan bakar. Beberapa jenis limbah biomassa memiliki potensi yang cukup besar seperti limbah kayu, sekam padi, jerami, ampas tebu, cangkang sawit, dan sampah kota. Potensi lain yang belum tergarap adalah limbah kulit durian. Limbah-limbah tersebut apabila tidak dimanfaatkan akan menimbulkan bau yang tidak sedap dan dapat merusak ekosistem lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat karakteristik pembakaran briket dari kulit durian berdasarkan nilai kalor dan uji nyala. Pembuatan briket ini menggunakan bahan perekat pati janeng sebanyak 1:2 dari berat briket, ukuran partikel briket adalah 80 mesh, bentuk briket lempeng dan silinder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa briket yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi standar bahan bakar untuk rumah tangga. Nilai kalor yang dihasilkan oleh briket kulit durian adalah 5040 kal/gram, waktu yang dibutuhkan briket untuk menyala adalah 10 menit, dan lamanya nyala api pada briket adalah 55 menit tanpa menghasilkan asap diawal pembakaran. Briket yang paling baik dihasilkan adalah briket dengan ukuran 80 mesh berbentuk lempeng bulat dan nilai kalor 5040 kal/gram. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa briket yang dihasilkan dari limbah kulit durian dengan menggunakan pati janeng dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif yang ramah lingkungan.
SUMMARY Background Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is endemic in healthcare settings in Indonesia. Aim To evaluate the effect of a bundle of preventive measures on the transmission and acquisition of MRSA in a surgical ward of a resource-limited hospital in Indonesia. Methods The study consisted of a pre-intervention (7 months), intervention (2 months), and post-intervention phase (5 months) and included screening for MRSA among eligible patients, healthcare workers (HCWs), and the hospital environment. In the intervention phase, a bundle of preventive actions was introduced, comprising: a hand hygiene educational program, cohorting of MRSA-positive patients, decolonization therapy for all MRSA-positive patients and HCWs, and cleaning and disinfection of the ward's innate environment. Hand hygiene compliance was assessed throughout the study period. The primary outcome was the acquisition rate of MRSA among patients per 1,000 patient-days at risk. Clonality of MRSA isolates was determined by Raman spectroscopy and multilocus sequence typing. Findings In total, 1,120 patients were included. Hand hygiene compliance rate rose from 15% pre-intervention to 65% post-intervention ( P <0.001). The MRSA acquisition decreased from 9/1,000 patient-days at risk pre-intervention to 3/1,000 patient-days at risk post-intervention, but this difference did not reach statistical significance ( P =0.08). Raman type 9 which belonged to ST239 was the single dominant MRSA clone. Conclusion The introduction of a bundle of preventive measures may reduce MRSA transmission and acquisition among surgery patients in a resource-limited hospital in Indonesia, but additional efforts are needed.
Administratively, Gampong Beurawe is one of the villages in Kuta Alam District, Banda Aceh City. The Department of Social Affairs is in charge of collecting data and providing assistance to people in need of social welfare services. Data collection is done manually in the form of archives and files, this causes inefficiencies in space, security, time and costs. The Social Service has difficulties in conveying information on the Family Hope Program (PKH) which includes data on poor households, education data and health data, to the wider community and related parties, causing data information to be unclear. So we need an automatic data collection system to help collect data on the hopeful family program in Gampong Beurawe, Kuta Alam District. In the geographic information system itself, there are two important elements, namely Geographical Data which is used as a reference for attribute data. The design of the map that will be displayed in this application uses map info and google maps. This PKH acceptance mapping information system in Beurawe Village, Kuta Alam District, Banda Aceh City is to assist the Social Service, especially the social assistance and security department in the storage and delivery of information data (PKH) so that it can provide clear information about the program. Data information system in the form of maps, graphs and tables.
Cuka merupakan hasil olah makanan dari proses fermentasi glukosa dengan menggunakan Sacharomyces cervisiae menghasilkan etanol. Fermentasi etanol secara aerob dengan menggunakan bakteri Acetobacter aceti menghasilkan asam cuka. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah fermentasi, kemurnian cuka dianalisis dengan menggunakan GC-MS. Hasil yang didapatkan pembentukan asam cuku terbaik terbentuk pada minggu ke-3 hingga ke-4 dengan pH 3,5, dengan puncak kromatogram pada waktu retensi 8,473. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan upaya pemberdayaan dalam meminalisir volume limbah dengan mengolah menjadi produk yang ekonomis
Penggunaan tumbuhan sebagai obat telah lama digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia, terutama masyarakat yang tinggal di pedesaan. Pengetahuan pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat di wariskan secara turun temurun. Seiring dengan perkembangan waktu, kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan ilmu teknologi, telah meningkatkan penggunaan tumbuhan obat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui cara masyarakat di Kabupaten Pidiekhususnya di Kecamatan Keumala dalam memanfaatkan tumbuhan obat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal), yaitu proses pengkajian yang berorientasi pada keterlibatan dan peran masyarakat secara aktif dalam penelitian yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan observasi. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara diketahui bahwa terdapat 8 spesies tumbuhan obatyang berasal dari family Zingiberaceae yang digunakan sebagai tanaman obat oleh masyarakat Pidie.Spesies tersebut antara lain Temulasi, Temulawak, Halia, Halia Merah, Boh Rangkueh, Boh Cuko, Kunyet Molay, dan Kunyet, yang semuanya berstatus di budidayakan. Bagian yang digunakan adalah Rimpang. Diharapkan penelitian ini berpotensi untuk menemukan jenis tanaman obat baru (bioprospecting) yang bermanfaat bagi farmasi dalam rangka peningkatan kesehatan masyarakat luas. The utilization of medicinal plant has long been conducted by Indonesian people, especially people who live in rural areas. Knowledge of the use of medicinal plants started from generation to generation. Along with the development of science and technology, the utilization of medicinal plants has increased. The research aimed to find out how the people in Pidie Regency, especially in Keumala District, use medicinal plants. The method used is the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method, which is an assessment process that is oriented to the involvement and active role of the community in research which data collection through interviews and observations. Based on the results of interviews, there were 8 species of medicinal plants from family Zingiberaceae were used as medicinal plants by the Pidie community. These include Temulasi, Temulawak, Halia, Halia Merah, Boh Rangkueh, Boh Cuko, Kunyet Molay, and Kunyet, all of them were cultivated plants. The part used was Rhizome. The potential medicinal plants in pharmacy to improve public health could be discovered through this research.
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